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Chap 1: Intro to Biology 10pts Due: 11:59pm on Sunday, March 2, 2014 You will receive no credit for items you complete after the assignment is due. Grading Policy Activity: What is Life? Click here to view this animation. Then answer the questions. Part A An example of a stimulus that a plant would respond to is: You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: An example of a stimulus that a plant would respond to is: the smell of candy. the sound of a radio. sunlight. Part B Which of the following things would be considered complex AND organized? ANSWER: Which of the following things would be considered complex AND organized? Atlantic Ocean salt crystal red blood cell in the human body Part C DNA is a molecule that directly allows a living thing to: ANSWER: DNA is a molecule that directly allows a living thing to: speak. move. store information. Part D The process of homeostasis is: You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: The process of homeostasis is: how organisms maintain a relatively constant internal environment. how cells produce energy. the mechanism by which living organisms evolve. a good name for a rock and roll band. Part E Living systems need energy to: You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Living systems need energy to: help maintain a relatively constant internal environment. replace worn-out parts and build new parts. grow larger. all of the above Part F The complexity of living systems: You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: The complexity of living systems: is found only in humans. is unique to living systems. is also highly organized. is the single defining characteristic of living things. Part G Identify a characteristic that is representative of some, but not all, life-forms. ANSWER: Identify a characteristic that is representative of some, but not all, life-forms. acquisition and use of energy change over time in order to adapt to changing environments movement over great distances maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment despite changing external environments Activity: The Levels of Life Card Game Click here to complete this activity. Then answer the questions. Part A An organ, such as the liver, is composed of _____. ANSWER: An organ, such as the liver, is composed of _____. Organs populations Atoms communities Tissues Part B Which of these is an organ system? ANSWER: Which of these is an organ system? Stomach Mucosa Dog Digestive Gamete Part C What are the two main types of cells? ANSWER: What are the two main types of cells? bacteria and archaea plant and animal bacteria and protists prokaryotes and eukaryotes bacteria and eukaryotes Building Vocabulary: Biology Terms - Introduction to Biology Knowing the meaning of common prefixes, suffixes, and word roots can help you understand biology terms. Part A Can you match these biology terms with their definitions? Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences. ANSWER: Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 1 Part A Complete this analogy: Atoms are to molecules as __________. You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Complete this analogy: Atoms are to molecules as __________. cells are to organ systems tissues are to cells atoms are to tissues tissues are to organs organ systems are to cells Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 2 Part A Which level of organization is one step above cells? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Which level of organization is one step above cells? Organs multi-cellular organism Molecules Tissues living things Animals Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 4 Part A You are talking with a friend about why sports teams win more often when playing home games. Your friend says, "I have a theory about that." How would a proper scientist say this phrase? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: You are talking with a friend about why sports teams win more often when playing home games. Your friend says, "I have a theory about that." How would a proper scientist say this phrase? "I have a theory about that." "I have an observation about that." "I know a fact about that." "I have a question about that." "I have a hypothesis about that." Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 5 Part A Which of these statements about scientific theories is true? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Which of these statements about scientific theories is true? Theories are beliefs about how things work. Theories don't have as much evidence as laws. Theories haven't been shown to be correct. Theories can be disproven by new evidence. Theories are a guess about how things work. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 6 Part A One night, while you're studying hard for a biology test, your dog begins barking at you. You wonder why she is barking, but then you remember that you haven't fed her tonight. You think, "Maybe she's hungry." If you are following the scientific method, what should you do next? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: One night, while you're studying hard for a biology test, your dog begins barking at you. You wonder why she is barking, but then you remember that you haven't fed her tonight. You think, "Maybe she's hungry." If you are following the scientific method, what should you do next? Make a prediction. Conclude that the dog is hungry. Perform an experiment. Feed the dog. Go to the store and purchase dog food. How would someone assess this? Seems odd. Form a hypothesis. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 7 Part A What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment? to make the experiment perform as expected to make the experiment safer to allow more things to be tested at once to provide a standard for comparison to keep scientists from pursuing unethical questions and practices Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 17 Part A Which of these is an example of maintaining a constant internal environment? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Which of these is an example of maintaining a constant internal environment? eating a sandwich running from a dog bleeding from a cut sweating in the sun laughing at a joke Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 30 Part A Your physics professor tells the class that she has recently disproven the theory of gravity. She claims that gravity has nothing to do with mass and is really a function of speed. Objects that are not moving relative to each other are attracted, but objects that are moving parallel to each other actually repel one another. To demonstrate, she holds a paper airplane level in her hand and releases it. It falls toward the ground. She then throws the airplane horizontally and the airplane turns upward, flying away from the ground. Once the airplane is flying directly upward, it rapidly stops and begins to fall. What do you, as a good scientist, do next? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Your physics professor tells the class that she has recently disproven the theory of gravity. She claims that gravity has nothing to do with mass and is really a function of speed. Objects that are not moving relative to each other are attracted, but objects that are moving parallel to each other actually repel one another. To demonstrate, she holds a paper airplane level in her hand and releases it. It falls toward the ground. She then throws the airplane horizontally and the airplane turns upward, flying away from the ground. Once the airplane is flying directly upward, it rapidly stops and begins to fall. What do you, as a good scientist, do next? I show the teacher the original evidence that proved gravity as a theory is correct. I accept my teacher's statements as an authority on physics. I accept the teacher's evidence as proof until I see evidence that gravity as a theory is true. I read the evidence that has already been presented about gravity and decide for myself which is correct. I figure out a different hypothesis for why the plane flew upward. I look up authoritative sources that describe gravity as a theory. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 8 Part A How do the terms "natural selection" and "evolution" compare? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: How do the terms "natural selection" and "evolution" compare? Natural selection is a theory; evolution is not. Natural selection is a force that causes evolution. Natural selection results in small changes; evolution results in larger changes. Evolution requires natural selection. Natural selection and evolution mean the same thing. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 9 Part A How does the process of evolution take place? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: How does the process of evolution take place? Evolution results from natural selection preserving mutations that result in adaptations of a species to the environment, which help that species to survive and reproduce. Adaptation occurs when mutation evolves new genetic variations in a species. Evolution occurs when natural selection creates new mutations in organisms that help them to survive and reproduce. Evolution occurs when natural selection creates new adaptations that result in genetic variations that help organisms survive and reproduce. Natural selection occurs when mutation creates new adaptations that help an organism to evolve better. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 10 Part A How are DNA, chromosomes, and genes related? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: How are DNA, chromosomes, and genes related? Chromosomes are built from genes, which direct the formation of a specific characteristic. DNA and genes are the same thing. Chromosomes contain DNA, which is made up of genes. The DNA directs the formation of a specific characteristic. Genes are made up of chromosomes and direct the formation of a specific characteristic. DNA and genes are the same thing. DNA contains chromosomes that direct the formation of a specific characteristic. Genes are made up of chromosomes. Genes are segments of DNA that direct the formation of a specific characteristic. All of the DNA in an organism makes up the chromosomes. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 11 Part A Which of the following statements correctly summarizes the effects of mutation? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Which of the following statements correctly summarizes the effects of mutation? The process of mutation causes adaptation to occur, which can be both helpful and harmful to a species. The process of mutation causes evolution, which is helpful to a species. The process of mutation causes helpful genetic variations within a species. The process of mutation mostly creates harmful variations in a species. The process of mutation creates both helpful and harmful genetic variations in a species. The process of mutation creates helpful genetic variations in some species, but harmful variations in others. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 12 Part A Evolution is often described as "survival of the fittest." How would a biologist best measure fitness from the perspective of evolution? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Evolution is often described as "survival of the fittest." How would a biologist best measure fitness from the perspective of evolution? Fitness is best measured by the number of offspring. The more offspring an organism has that survive to reproduce, the more its genes will be represented in the next generation and beyond. Fitness is best measured by an organism's survival ability and number of offspring. Deficiencies in one can be compensated by the other. Fitness is best measured by the ability to survive in the environment. This is the definition of adaptation. Fitness is best measured by an organism's ability to find food and escape from predators. Fitness is best measured by an organism's speed and strength. These two characteristics are adaptive to most environments. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 13 Part A If two populations of the same species live in different environments for a long time, what will likely occur? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: If two populations of the same species live in different environments for a long time, what will likely occur? Evolution can result in enough differences between the populations that they can't interbreed. One population will evolve better adaptations than the other. Natural selection will preserve the same adaptations in both, preventing random differences from appearing. Different mutations may occur in each population, but natural selection will favor the same adaptations in both. Neither population will be able to adapt to its environment. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 14 Part A Which of the following is an example of a neutral mutation? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Which of the following is an example of a neutral mutation? a child born with blond hair to two brown-haired parents an individual with Down syndrome, who has inherited an extra chromosome your skin turning darker from exposure to the sun lung cancer Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 15 Part A Which of these scenarios is the best example of natural selection? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Which of these scenarios is the best example of natural selection? Two tribes of humans live near one another. One decorates its warriors with white mud from the river and another uses black mud from a pond. One night, the white-mud tribe tries to make an attack on the other tribe, but is spotted early due to the gleaming white color of its warriors. The black-mud tribe wipes it out in the battle and takes over its land. A population of moths has a mottled gray and black camouflage to hide from birds. This camouflage matches the color of the tree bark in the area. An industrial complex is built nearby and pollution darkens the tree bark. After several generations, the moths are almost completely black. Every winter and spring, a migrating flock of geese stops at a particular pond during its journey. During a particularly hard drought, the pond dries up for a year. The geese briefly stop at the empty pond, but do not stay. Next year, when the pond fills again, the geese do not return. A population of wild cats lives in a suburban neighborhood. Children in the area begin throwing rocks at the cats to scare them away. After several years, the cats are all observed to run from any child they see, even ones new to the neighborhood. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 29 Part A The greater prairie chicken lives in the grasslands of the middle United States. In Illinois, a large amount of the habitat for this animal was converted to farmland, to the point in which a population of only 50 birds remained in the state. Researchers measured the percentage of eggs that hatched each year and the average genetic diversity at six different genes and then compared them to two other populations. What do these data suggest about species that become endangered? Location Genetic Diversity % of Eggs Hatched Illinois 3.7 50% Nebraska 5.8 96% Minnesota 5.3 85% You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: The greater prairie chicken lives in the grasslands of the middle United States. In Illinois, a large amount of the habitat for this animal was converted to farmland, to the point in which a population of only 50 birds remained in the state. Researchers measured the percentage of eggs that hatched each year and the average genetic diversity at six different genes and then compared them to two other populations. What do these data suggest about species that become endangered? Location Genetic Diversity % of Eggs Hatched Illinois 3.7 50% Nebraska 5.8 96% Minnesota 5.3 85% People should worry less about how many members of a species are left and worry more about their diversity. Loss of genetic diversity can harm the ability of an endangered species to reproduce. Genetic diversity is unrelated to reproduction. Chickens require a minimum number of birds to hatch eggs. Populations near extinction have trouble reproducing. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 16 Part A Which of these is a characteristic of all life? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Which of these is a characteristic of all life? growing thinking eating moving using oxygen making energy Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 18 Part A Which of the following is a characteristic of life shown by a computer? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Which of the following is a characteristic of life shown by a computer? It dies. It is made of cells. It reproduces. It evolves. It responds to stimuli. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 19 Part A In what way are energy and nutrients similar? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: In what way are energy and nutrients similar? They both are made of atoms. They both provide the power to do work. They both can be eaten. They both can be recycled. They both can be created by life. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 20 Part A Which of these is a characteristic of life possessed by viruses? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Which of these is a characteristic of life possessed by viruses? They grow. They respond to stimuli. They maintain homeostasis. They are made of cells. They reproduce. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 21 Part A What is the eventual fate of all energy acquired by life? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: What is the eventual fate of all energy acquired by life? It becomes atoms. It is recycled. It becomes heat. It becomes part of a living thing. It becomes sunlight. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 3 Part A Which of the following is based on a scientific understanding? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Which of the following is based on a scientific understanding? Man can walk on water. The number seven will bring you luck. Thunder is caused by gods burping. Schizophrenia is caused by a chemical disorder in the brain. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 22 Part A Where does the energy acquired by heterotrophs originate? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Where does the energy acquired by heterotrophs originate? autotrophs Food photosynthesis the Sun heterotrophs Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 23 Part A You are a NASA scientist and have discovered an organism in outer space that stores its genetic material in the cytoplasm rather than in a nucleus and cannot perform photosynthesis. Given these characteristics, how might you classify this organism? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: You are a NASA scientist and have discovered an organism in outer space that stores its genetic material in the cytoplasm rather than in a nucleus and cannot perform photosynthesis. Given these characteristics, how might you classify this organism? Bacteria Archaea eukaryote prokaryote Fungi Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 24 Part A To what domain do you belong? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: To what domain do you belong? Archaea Eukarya Homo Sapiens Prokarya Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 25 Part A A scientist examines an organism and finds that it is eukaryotic, heterotrophic, multi-cellular, and it absorbs food molecules. Which kingdom will she likely place the organism in? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: A scientist examines an organism and finds that it is eukaryotic, heterotrophic, multi-cellular, and it absorbs food molecules. Which kingdom will she likely place the organism in? Protista Animalia Archaea Plantae Bacteria Fungi Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 26 Part A Which of the following is a valid comparison between domains? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Which of the following is a valid comparison between domains? Archaea have a nucleus and Eukarya do not. Archaea are heterotrophs and Bacteria are autotrophs. Archaea and Eukarya are mostly autotrophs. Archaea have a nucleus and Bacteria do not. Bacteria and Archaea are both mostly unicellular. Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 27 Part A How do autotrophs acquire their energy? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: How do autotrophs acquire their energy? from nutrients by or via eating from the soil from heterotrophs by the process of photosynthesis Chapter 1 Reading Quiz Question 28 Part A Which other kingdom is most similar to the Kingdom Animalia in characteristics? You did not open hints for this part. ANSWER: Which other kingdom is most similar to the Kingdom Animalia in characteristics? Bacteria Archaea Fungi Plantae Protista Score Summary: Your score on this assignment is 0.0%. You received 0 out of a possible total of 45 points.
