1. The goals of psychology are to _____.
a) explore the conscious and unconscious functions of the human mind
b) understand, compare, and analyze human behavior
c) improve psychological well-being in all individuals from birth until death
d) describe, explain, predict, and control behavior
2. Who was an early proponent of functionalism?
a) Ivan Pavlov c) Wilhelm Wundt
b) William James d) Max Wertheimer
3. Freud said phobias were ____________ whereas Watson said phobias were __________.
a) learned; inherited c) sexual; unconscious
b) repressed conflicts; learned d) conditioned; unconditioned
4. Which perspective focuses on free will and self-actualization?
a) psychoanalysis c) cognitive perspective
b) humanism d) behaviorism
5. What is one similarity shared by clinical psychologists and psychiatrists?
a) They obtain the same graduate degree.
b) They have the same training experiences after college.
c) They view abnormal behaviors as arising from the same causes.
d) They diagnose and treat people experiencing behavioral and emotional problems.
6. When you watch dogs play in the park or watch how your professors conduct their classes, you are engaging in a form of ______.
a) case study research c) survey research
b) naturalistic observation d) psychometric study
7. A detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is called ______________________.
a) a representative sample c) a single-blind study
b) a case study d) a naturalistic observation
8. A negative correlation means that ______________________.
a) high values of one variable are associated with low values of the other
b) high values of one variable are associated with high values of the other
c) low values of one variable are associated with low values of the other
d) there is no relationship between the two variables
9. ______________________ is an experiment in which participants do not know if they are in the experimental or the control group but the experimenters do know which participants are part of which group.
a) The double-blind study c) The single-blind study
b) Field research d) Correlational research
10. Experimenters can justify the use of deception because ___________.
a) there is informed consent c) it may be necessary for the experiment to work
b) research is more important than people d) it is not that harmful
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