AMU/APUS GEOG 101

GEOG101 Extra Credit Exam

Part 1 of 1 -   88.0/ 100.0 Points

Question 1 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Course extensions are available for which of the following reasons?

A. I don't have a computer to access the classroom.

B. "too busy" with work and family commitments


C. documented military deployment

D. I’m on leave or vacation from my job.

Answer Key: C
Feedback: APUS Professors can provide course extensions for documented military deployment and military-related activities. Students are not eligible for course extensions for personal reasons such as being "too busy", going on vacation/leave or non-military work issues.

Having a computer is as essential as having pen and paper in a traditional classroom - each student is responsible for securing access to a computer throughout the course.

Courses start every month, so be sure you take classes that fit around your personal schedule. Equally, instructors are not permitted such extensions either!
Question 2 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The course professor is required to have student work graded

A. anytime before the end of the course.


B. within 7 days of the due date and time.

C. within 7 days of when the student turns in the assignment.

D. within 48 hours of when the student turns in the assignment.

Answer Key: B
Feedback: It is APUS/AMU policy that all instructors must grade completed student work submitted for grading within 7 days of the DUE DATE AND TIME for that assignment. If you do not see a grade after 7 days from the due date and time, check to be sure you have submitted the assignment for grading. If you have but the assginment is not graded, send a polite request to your instructor to complete grading.
Question 3 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
All students are required to turn in assignments

A. at their own pace.

B. by Sunday nights at 11:59 PM.


C. according to the assigned due date and time for that particular assignment.

D. any time before the last day of class.

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Due dates and times may vary by assignment and class, so do not assume a Sunday night 11:59 PM due date in all classes. It's always a good idea to avoid procrastination, so try to budget time throughout the week to work on your courses.

Each student is responsible for meeting due dates and times, and late work may be rejected or subject to deductions as per APUS policies.
Question 4 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Instructors are required to reply to student emails within how many hours?

A. 24-48


B. 48-72

C. 12-24

D. 6-12

Answer Key: B
Feedback: It is University policy that instructors reply to student emails within 48 to 72 hours. If an instructor does not reply right away please await a response - your instructor is likely not online if you do not hear back immediately. Instructors, like students, also experience internet outages, have hospital emergencies and other unanticipated urgencies. If 72 hours (three full days) has passed, contact Hidden Link - Login or Register for assistance. Always be polite - the last thing you want is to send your instructor an angry e-mail just to find out they have been in an accident or are otherwise in unfortunate circumstances.

Quick "geography" - there are 24 primary time zones (some variations by country) on Earth. So if each student in a class with 24 students emailed the instructor once a day at a different hour the instructor might not sleep during the 8-week course if they were to respond within 12 hours of each email! 48-72 allows for time zone changes and days off from work or short-term emergencies. Most instructors are on almost daily, or at least within 24-48 hours.

Remember that in a class even of a few people everyone may be in a different time zone, so our asynchronous work does result in a "lag" in communication. Also, not everyone is on every day, so students and instructors alike must be patient in looking for each other.
Question 5 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The five institutional learning objectives at APUS include all but which of the following?

A. the ability to express viewpoints other than their own and to think critically

B. ability to apply learned knowledge to the "real world"

C. communication in written form


D. proficiency with video and audio technology

Answer Key: D
Feedback: Please see the syllabus or Student Handbook for detail on the five institutional objectives. It's a good idea to keep these in mind as you go through each course to help frame what you are learning into a broader context.
Question 6 of 25    2.0/ 4.0 Points
“Geography" is a discipline that studies
A. spatial relationships
    B. maps
C. people
    D. locations

Answer Key: A, B, C, D
Feedback: There are many other topics as well! Geography is a broad discipline that is easily integrated into other fields of study, from health to military studies to disasters to religion and culture and everything in between!
Question 7 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Getting help on an assignment from a classmate or another person without prior approval or direction from the instructor to do so is


A. plagiarism.

B. only acceptable for papers.

C. only acceptable for exams.

D. fine to do at any time.

Answer Key: A
Feedback: "Plagiarism" is often an unfamiliar term/concept for many students, but it is a serious academic offense whether deliberate or accidental. Please be sure to familiarize yourself with the plagiarism policy in the Student Handbook or in the video and links in the classroom. Ask your instructor if you have any questions or are in doubt.
Question 8 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
We will study the topic of Latin America in which week of class?

A. 2


B. 3

C. 4

D. 6

Answer Key: B
Feedback: This topic will be covered during coverage of the Americas.
Question 9 of 25    2.0/ 4.0 Points
Each Quiz in this course is worth
    A. 6% of my final grade.
B. 6 points toward my final grade.
C. 36% of my final grade.
D. 36 points toward my final grade.

Answer Key: A, B
Feedback: EACH is worth 6 points, or 6% toward your final grade. TOGETHER they are worth 36 points, or 36% of the final grade.
Question 10 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Students at APUS/AMU can work at their own pace, regardless of classroom deadlines.


A. false

B. true

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Faculty are not permitted to allow students to work at their own pace - ALL work must be completed by due dates and times as stated in the classroom!

Please see the Student Handbook for student participation requirements. Every student must participate weekly and on time as directed in class.
Question 11 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Readings and assignments will never change once class starts.


A. false

B. true

Answer Key: A
Feedback: The syllabus is a guideline, but it is a fact of the Internet that sometimes weblinks for readings and work may become inactive and require a change. Also, courses with low enrollments may need to be altered to maintain course integrity (e.g. discussion boards and group projects may have to be adjusted to small enrollments). Your instructor should keep you up to date if changes are needed.
Question 12 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Forums are mandatory in this course.

A. false


B. true

Answer Key: B
Feedback: There is a great deal of research on the positive value of student interaction in the classroom - be sure to take advantage of these assignments!
Question 13 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
E-mails to the instructor are anonymous and are always confidential.

A. true


B. false

Answer Key: B
Feedback: Not only will the instructor read your emails, but they may be read by your instructors' supervisors or APUS officials resolving disputes. The same is true for instructor emails to students. All correspondence - in or out of the classroom - serves as an official record of the course.

NOTE: In Sakai, the "MESSAGES" function must be used for all classroom-related correspondence, NOT E-mail.
Question 14 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Students can distribute course materials, such as the text, exams, exercises and other items, to anyone they wish.


A. false

B. true

Answer Key: A
Feedback:
Absolutely not! All course materials are copyrighted and are for "fair use" in the classroom only. You may not distribute them in any manner, and this includes materials created by the instructor as well as the textbook.

Question 15 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
If I'm not clear on a particular topic I can look for additional readings in the Online Library.


A. true

B. false

Answer Key: A
Feedback: The Online Library is an excellent source of information and has a collection that rivals large research universities! If you need help, ask your instructor or email an online librarian for assistance.
Question 16 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Since this isn't an English course, my grammar and spelling don't matter.


A. false

B. true

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Grammar and writing style are always important. In fact, all courses at APUS are required to have written assignments to reinforce skills of written communication. Please see the APUS institutional learning objective on "Communication". Be sure to follow writing advice provided in COLL100, English courses and through the Online Library's tutoring.
Question 17 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The "end-of-course" critique is an excellent location for students to make productive comments to help instructors improve courses.

A. false


B. true

Answer Key: B
Feedback: Be sure to be polite and specific - "great class" doesn't identify what is great about it and "lousy class" doesn't identify what is bad. The instructor won't know what to keep or change. Instead, try "I enjoyed using PowerPoint to communicate what I had learned", or "I didn't feel I had enough information to gain much from the Forum critical thinking assignments", for example.
Question 18 of 25    0.0/ 4.0 Points
The final exam is cumulative, covering all weeks' work in this course.


A. true

B. false

Answer Key: B
Feedback: There is so much information in this course that the mid-term covers the first half of the class and the final covers the second half. This will allow students to study each week equally.
Question 19 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
All students can get at least 10 hours of free tutoring through Tutor.com.


A. true

B. false

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Be sure to check with your instructor or with a librarian (they are very helpful!) to take advantage of your free tutoring. Tutoring is for anyone - excellent if you are having difficulty or if you just want to improve your study skills to make studying more efficient. Try it - it's free!
Question 20 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Students can check their course grade progress in the online classroom.


A. true

B. false

Answer Key: A
Feedback: The grade represented in total is for items completed and graded to that moment, so be sure to know what items remain in the course. Ask questions if needed!
Question 21 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Sarcasm and other such dark humor translate well in the online classroom.

A. true


B. false

Answer Key: B
Feedback: Much human communication is conducted through facial expression, tone of voice and other visual and aural signals. These are lost in the online classroom if no audio or video is present, so PLEASE be careful that your humor is not misunderstood. Sarcasm is often lost in writing and interpreted as mean-spirited, so be sure to use "emoticons" or parenthetical words (kidding!, e.g.) if you feel your words may be misunderstood. Better safe than sorry!
Question 22 of 25    0.0/ 4.0 Points
In this course exams cannot be made up if missed without prior approval, or if the student is locked out of the exam while taking it (accidentally or by the student's own doing).


A. true

B. false

Answer Key: B
Feedback: The exam might be made up within one week AT THE INSTRUCTOR'S DISCRETION , but will be ESSAY format.

Students who fail to complete assignments on time are not guaranteed the opportunity to make up work,and late points may be deducted for any late work as per class policy. Repetitive late work will not be accepted.

Forums may never be submitted late.
Question 23 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
If I have any questions about course material or course procedures I should ask the instructor.


A. true

B. false

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Let me know if you have questions. If they are general course material or course procedure questions, PLEASE post them in the appropriate "Q&A" section in "Forum" - if you have a question, chances are others in the class have the same question.

If your question is of a personal nature (grades, absences, other issues governed by FERPA, e.g.), send it to me via "Messages" in the classroom.
Question 24 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Use of Turnitin.com on Forums is optional in this course.

True
False

Answer Key: False
Feedback: All students are required to use Turnitin.com for every Forum post. This will help students avoid plagiarism and learn to create original compositions.
Question 25 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Select all that apply:

When writing a citation for a source I use in this course I must
    A. cite according the guidance in the classroom.
    B. cite according to MLA, APA, Chicago or Turabian Style Guides.
C. I do not need to cite any sources.
D. I can just provide the URL.

Answer Key: A, B
Feedback: Students must cite according to MLA, APA, Chicago or Turabian Style Guides, as provided by guidance in the classroom as well.

Post Merge: Oct 23, 2012

GEOG101 Quiz 1

Part 1 of 1 -   80.0/ 100.0 Points

Question 1 of 25    0.0/ 4.0 Points
A functional region:


A. has a transition zone at its center

B. is also known as a formal region

C. is defined on the basis of some variable, such as the area where corn is grown

D. is exemplified by a city and its hinterland

Answer Key: D
Question 2 of 25    0.0/ 4.0 Points
Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A. A country likely constitutes a formal political region because within its boundaries certain conditions of nationality, law, and political tradition prevail.

B. Regions conceptualized as “spatial systems” are collectively identified as functional regions.

C. Functional regions are generally more static and immobile than formal regions.


D. Regions marked by internal homogeneity are classified as formal regions.

Answer Key: C
Question 3 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
All regions possess all of the following except:

A. boundaries

B. location


C. homogeneity

D. area

Answer Key: C
Question 4 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Water covers about _____ percent of the Earth's surface.


A. 70

B. 80

C. 50

D. 10

Answer Key: A
Question 5 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The current interglacial period is known as the:

A. Wisconsinan

B. Global Warmup


C. Holocene

D. Pleistocene

Answer Key: C
Question 6 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The Mediterranean climate is classified under which of the following Köppen-Geiger letters?

A. Med

B. H


C. C

D. A

Answer Key: C
Question 7 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The prevailing mid-latitude climatic type in the southeastern United States, western Europe, southern Brazil and northern Argentina, and eastern China is the:

A. humid cold

B. semiarid moderate

C. dry winter tundra


D. humid temperate

Answer Key: D
Question 8 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
A bridge language of national politics, commerce, and trade is known as a(n):


A. Lingua franca.

B. Extinct language.

C. Indo-European dialect.

D. Regional speech disparity.

Answer Key: A
Question 9 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Which statement below best characterizes the concept of culture?

A. None of these choices.


B. Learned patterns of thought and behavior characteristic of a population or society.

C. A civilized pattern of behavior, dominated by appreciation of serious music and good food.

D. It plays no role in shaping the human landscape.

Answer Key: B
Question 10 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The downtown of an American city, which is usually characterized by a square-grid layout, is called the:

A. Core-periphery interface


B. Central business district

C. Urban townscape

D. Hinterland

Answer Key: B
Question 11 of 25    0.0/ 4.0 Points
The European state model includes all of the following except:

A. A representative government

B. A clearly and legally defined territory

C. A very low level of urbanization


D. It prevails in the aftermath of the collapse of colonial empires.

Answer Key: C
Question 12 of 25    0.0/ 4.0 Points
The World Bank ranks countries within four groups. Which of the following is not one of those groups?

A. Middle-income countries


B. Lower-middle income countries

C. Low-income countries

D. Upper-middle income countries

Answer Key: A
Question 13 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The core areas of the world:


A. Constitute the area where the richer countries are clustered.

B. None of the answers provided here are correct.

C. Include most of the countries of East Asia,

D. Include areas located only in Europe and North America.

Answer Key: A
Question 14 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The gradual reduction of regional contrasts resulting from increasing cultural, economic, political and other types of exchanges is known as:

A. The European trade model

B. Regional equalization


C. Globalization

D. Core-periphery widening

Answer Key: C
Question 15 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Geography is concerned with providing a spatial perspective on the world.

True
False

Answer Key: True
Question 16 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Transition zones mark the places where geographic realms meet.

True
False

Answer Key: True
Question 17 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Deserts are mainly found on the eastern sides of the continents.

True
False

Answer Key: False
Question 18 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
In general, the eastern coasts of continents in tropical and mid-latitude zones receive relatively high precipitation.

True
False

Answer Key: True
Question 19 of 25    0.0/ 4.0 Points
Highland (H) climates do not resemble the cold polar (E) climates.

True
False

Answer Key: False
Question 20 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Lines of latitude circle the globe as east-west lines and measure distances north and south of the Equator.

True
False

Answer Key: True
Question 21 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
A cultural landscape consists of a composite of human imprints on the surface of the Earth.

True
False

Answer Key: True
Question 22 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The ratio of distance on a map to actual ground distance is known as that map's scale .

Answer Key: scale
Question 23 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
A clearly and legally defined territory, such as India or France, governed from a capital city is known as a state .

Answer Key: state
Question 24 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
tectonic plates are massive slabs of rock which move on the earth's surface, colliding with one another and generating earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

Answer Key: Tectonic plates
Question 25 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Population density describes the number of people located in a given unit area.

Answer Key: density

Post Merge: Oct 23, 2012

GEOG101 Quiz 2

Part 1 of 1 -   92.0/ 100.0 Points

Question 1 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The geographic principle under which particular peoples and particular places concentrate on the production of particular goods is known as:

A. irredentism

B. Balkanization


C. local functional specialization

D. supranationalism

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Learning Objective: Discuss the evolution of modern Europe in spatial context and its impact on the world.
Section Reference: Modern Historical Geography
Question 2 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
__________ forces are divisive to a nation.

A. situational

B. none of these answers


C. centrifugal

D. centripetal

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Learning Objective: Demonstrate the rise of European unification in terms of the economic, political, and cultural issues that drive this process
Section Reference: European Unification
Question 3 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The three principles of spatial interaction are:

A. none of these answers

B. complementarity, intervening opportunity, infrastructurality


C. complementarity, intervening opportunity, transferability

D. complementarity, intervening opportunity, irredentism

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the forces that are shaping 21st century Europe and its changing population.
Section Reference: Contemporary Europe
Question 4 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy is known as:

A. complementarity


B. devolution

C. supranationalism

D. irredentism

Answer Key: B
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the forces that are shaping 21st century Europe and its changing population.
Section Reference: Diminished State Power and Regionalism
Question 5 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The only European country with coastlines on the Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, and the North Sea is:

A. Italy


B. France

C. Germany

D. Spain

Answer Key: B
Feedback: Learning Objective: Discuss the concept of the “European core” in western Europe and analyze the present and future role of the core countries in the unification of Europe.
Section Reference: The Mainland Core
Question 6 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Eastern Europe is a zone of politico-geographical splintering and fracturing known as a (an):


A. shatter belt

B. periphery

C. Balkan conurbation

D. irredentist region

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Analyze the post-Soviet evolution of states formerly behind the iron curtain and their responses to the challenge of peripheral location.
Section Reference: The Eastern Periphery
Question 7 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The term Balkanization refers to:

A. Serbian supranationalism

B. none of these answers

C. the landmass located just to the west of the Adriatic Sea


D. the division and fragmentation of the southern portion of Eastern Europe

Answer Key: D
Feedback: Learning Objective: Analyze the post-Soviet evolution of states formerly behind the iron curtain and their responses to the challenge of peripheral location.
Section Reference: The Eastern Periphery
Question 8 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Which of the following is not a state created by the breakup of former Yugoslavia?


A. Slovakia

B. Croatia

C. Slovenia

D. none of these answers

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Analyze the post-Soviet evolution of states formerly behind the iron curtain and their responses to the challenge of peripheral location.
Section Reference: The Eastern Periphery
Question 9 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The Soviet Union consisted of _____________ Soviet Socialist Republics.

A. 18


B. 15

C. 12

D. 4

Answer Key: B
Feedback: Learning Objective: Analyze the political and economic growth and demise of the Soviet Union.
Section Reference: The Soviet Union
Question 10 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Most of the population of Russia is found in the:


A. western part of the country

B. zone of C climates

C. southern tier of the country

D. Pacific coastal zone

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Identify the major geographic features of Russia in relation to Russia’s difficult natural environment and human adaptations to it.
Section Reference: Physical Geography of the Russian Realm
Question 11 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The term ________ is used to describe an inland climate that is remote from the moderating influences of large water bodies.

A. taiga

B. maritime


C. continentiality

D. tundra

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Learning Objective: Identify the major geographic features of Russia in relation to Russia’s difficult natural environment and human adaptations to it.
Section Reference: Physical Geography of the Russian Realm
Question 12 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Which of the following is true?

A. Russia's climate may be described as dominated by C climates

B. Russia has no E climates

C. Weather refers to long term average conditions


D. Climate refers to long term average conditions

Answer Key: D
Feedback: Learning Objective: Identify the major geographic features of Russia in relation to Russia’s difficult natural environment and human adaptations to it.
Section Reference: Physical Geography of the Russian Realm
Question 13 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The term ________ is used to describe an inland climate that is remote from the moderating influences of large water bodies.

A. maritime


B. continentality

C. tundra

D. taiga

Answer Key: B
Feedback: Learning Objective: Identify the major geographic features of Russia in relation to Russia’s difficult natural environment and human adaptations to it.
Section Reference: Physical Geography of the Russian Realm
Question 14 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The mountain chain in west-central Russia that is sometimes regarded as the "boundary" between Europe and Asia is known as the:

A. Caucasus

B. Carpathians


C. Urals

D. Central Asiatic Ranges

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Learning Objective: Identify the major geographic features of Russia in relation to Russia’s difficult natural environment and human adaptations to it.
Section Reference: Physical Geography of the Russian Realm
Question 15 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Which of the following Soviet programs was the most successful?

A. Sovkhoz farming

B. Settling the Arctic coastal zone

C. Ethnic acculturation


D. Industrialization

Answer Key: D
Feedback: Learning Objective: Analyze the political and economic growth and demise of the Soviet Union.
Section Reference: The Soviet Union
Question 16 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Which of the following cities was known as the Soviet Detroit?

A. St. Petersburg

B. Vladivostok


C. Nizhniy Novgorod

D. Tula

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Learning Objective: Identify the regional components of Russia’s core and its influence on the rest of the country.
Section Reference: The Russian Core
Question 17 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The Law of the Primate City holds that a country's leading city is disproportionately large and exceptionally expressive of national capacity and feeling.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: True
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the forces that are shaping 21st century Europe and its changing population.
Section Reference: Contemporary Europe
Question 18 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The United Kingdom consists of England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.


A. true

B. false

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Compare the differences between the regional components of the British Isles and the reasons behind them.
Section Reference: The British Isles
Question 19 of 25    0.0/ 4.0 Points
St. Petersburg, with respect to the Russian domestic market, has greater locational (situational) advantages than Moscow.


A. true

B. false

Answer Key: B
Feedback: Learning Objective: Identify the regional components of Russia’s core and its influence on the rest of the country.
Section Reference: The Russian Core
Question 20 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Greece's vegetation has been denuded by centuries of deforestation.


A. true

B. false

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe how core-periphery contrasts shape the geography of the Mediterranean Basin and the Western Balkan Peninsula.
Section Reference: The Discontinous South
Question 21 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
In terms of income per capita, Norway is one of the richest countries in the world.


A. true

B. false

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe how core-periphery contrasts shape the geography of Europe’s Northern domain.
Section Reference: The Discontinous North
Question 22 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The Iberian Peninsula is isolated from the rest of Europe by a high range called the Pyrenees Mountains.

Answer Key: Pyrenees
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe how core-periphery contrasts shape the geography of the Mediterranean Basin and the Western Balkan Peninsula.
Section Reference: The Discontinous South
Question 23 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The term Physical Geography refers to the total physical environment of a particular place, including climate, water, soils, vegetation, and landforms.

Answer Key: physiography|physical geography
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the major physical geographic features of Europe and Russia
Section Reference: Landforms and Opportunities
Question 24 of 25    0.0/ 4.0 Points
The surface configuration of land, including features such as mountains, plains, and river valleys, is referred to as Gross Physical Features .

Answer Key: topography
Feedback:
The features are the "natural landscape", the configuration of those features is "topography". Partial credit awarded for "physiography" and "physical geography" as they encompass "topography" as well. See page 107 and the glossary for "topography".

Learning Objective: Identify the major geographic features of Russia in relation to Russia’s difficult natural environment and human adaptations to it.
Section Reference: Physical Geography of the Russian Realm, Glossary

Learning Objective: Identify the major geographic features of Russia in relation to Russia’s difficult natural environment and human adaptations to it.
Section Reference: Physical Geography of the Russian Realm
Question 25 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The eastern terminus of the Trans-Siberian Railroad is Vladivostok .

Answer Key: Vladivostok
Feedback:
Learning Objective: Discuss the challenges and resource-development opportunities of Russia’s largest region.
Section Reference: Siberia

Post Merge: Oct 23, 2012

GEOG101 Quiz 3

Part 1 of 1 -   76.0/ 100.0 Points

Question 1 of 25    0.0/ 4.0 Points
The Great Lakes' main outlet to the sea is the:

A. these lakes have no outlet to the sea

B. St. Lawrence River

C. Columbia River


D. Mississippi River

Answer Key: B
Feedback: Learning Objective: Identify the landform regions, climates, and major lakes and rivers of North America.
Section Reference: North America's Physical Geography
Question 2 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The peoples called Native Americans in the U.S. are called __________ in Canada.

A. Canadian Americans

B. Native Canadians


C. First Nations

D. Aborigines

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Learning Objective: Illustrate the basic historical geography of the settlement of the U.S. and Canada for the past three centuries.
Section Reference: European Settlement and Expansion
Question 3 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The transformation of raw materials into finished products is associated with the ____________ sector of a nation's economy.

A. quaternary

B. primary

C. tertiary


D. secondary

Answer Key: D
Feedback: Learning Objective: Discuss the evolution of the economic and parallel urban geography of the realm.
Section Reference: Urbanization and the Spatial Economy
Question 4 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The capital of Canada is:

A. Ontario

B. Montreal

C. Toronto


D. Ottawa

Answer Key: D
Feedback:
Learning Objective: Describe Canada’s provinces and territories, English-French cultural division, and the indigenous people’s movement.
Section Reference: Regionalism in Canada
Question 5 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
__________ is the second most populous US state.

A. Arizona

B. California


C. Texas

D. New York

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Learning Objective: Discuss the effect of Anglo, Hispanic and Natve American cultures on the Southwest region.
Section Reference: The Southwest
Question 6 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
A narrow strip of land connecting two larger land bodies is known as a(n):

A. bridgeland

B. spine

C. archipelago


D. isthmus

Answer Key: D
Feedback: Learning Objective: Identify the realm’s geographic contents, its boundaries, and the rational underlying its regional subdivisions.
Section Reference: Geographical Features
Question 7 of 25    0.0/ 4.0 Points
Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A. Mainland Middle America functions as a land bridge between Mexico and South America.

B. Though African cultural influences dominate in the Caribbean portion of Middle America, Amerindian traditions survive on the mainland.


C. Anthropologists commonly refer to the Middle American culture hearth as Mesoamerica.

D. Trinidad is one of the Greater Antilles.

Answer Key: D
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe Middle America’s major environmental features and dangers as well as the vertical organization of climates in highland zones.
Section Reference: Physical Geography
Question 8 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The idealized Spanish town in Mesoamerica had:


A. all of these choices

B. a central square or plaza

C. a gridiron layout

D. a location near good agricultural land

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the role of historical geography and colonization in shaping the geographic features of this realm today
Section Reference: Mesoamerican Legacy
Question 9 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
While other Central American countries were called banana republics, this country was a coffee republic:


A. El Salvador

B. Mexico

C. Colombia

D. Guatemala

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Label the seven republics of this region and their geographic dimensions.
Section Reference: The Central American Republics
Question 10 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
As noted in the text, the population of Mexico is about ________ million.

A. 82

B. 57


C. 111

D. 41

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Learning Objective: Discuss the basic human and physical geography of Mexico and its development opportunities in the NAFTA era.
Section Reference: Mexico
Question 11 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
An altiplano is a(n):

A. agricultural area in Brazil

B. low area with small mountains

C. altitudinal zone lying above tierra firma


D. plain high in the Andes

Answer Key: D
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the broad aspects of South America’s Historical Geography from the time of the Incas to the post colonial era.
Section Reference: States Ancient and Modern
Question 12 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
As noted in the text, almost ____ percent of South Americans live in urban areas.

A. 100


B. 80

C. 60

D. 20

Answer Key: B
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the general patterns of South America’s urbanization and the spatial organization of its cities.
Section Reference: Urbanization
Question 13 of 25    0.0/ 4.0 Points
The initial stage in the evolution of an insurgent state, according to the text, is the stage of:

A. devolution


B. equilibrium

C. contention

D. counteroffensive

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the basic environmental, historical, cultural, political, and economic geography of Colombia, Venezuela, and the three Guianas.
Section Reference: The Caribbean North
Question 14 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The Peru (Humboldt) Current is:

A. a new high-voltage electrical network that transmits Amazon-oil-generated power by pipeline to the cities across the Andes

B. a drying wind that blows off the Andes and creates desert-like conditions along the Peruvian coastal plain


C. a cool offshore ocean current conducive to commercial fishing that flows parallel to the Peruvian coastline

D. a rising air movement that brings the hot and humid conditions of the tierra fría to the uppermost Andean basins

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the basic physical and human geography of Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Paraguay as well as the changing role of their indigenous citizens.
Section Reference: The Andean West
Question 15 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The leading agricultural activity of the Pampa region is the production of:


A. cattle

B. tropical fruits and vegetables

C. coffee

D. sugarcane

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the basic physical and human geography of Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay as well as this region’s progress toward economic integration.
Section Reference: The Southern Cone
Question 16 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Yearly temperature ranges are much larger where continentality prevails.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: True
Feedback: Learning Objective: Identify the landform regions, climates, and major lakes and rivers of North America.
Section Reference: North America's Physical Geography
Question 17 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
“Latin” America is a term that refers only to the geographic area constituted by the island and mainland portions of Middle America.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: False
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the role of historical geography and colonization in shaping the geographic features of this realm today
Section Reference: Defining the Realm
Question 18 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Mexico's leading oil-producing zone is located along its southern Pacific coast.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: False
Feedback: Learning Objective: Discuss the basic human and physical geography of Mexico and its development opportunities in the NAFTA era.
Section Reference: Mexico
Question 19 of 25    0.0/ 4.0 Points
Ecuador is the poorest country in South America.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: False
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the basic physical and human geography of Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Paraguay as well as the changing role of their indigenous citizens.
Section Reference: The Andean West
Question 20 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Brazil is the South American country that exhibits the widest income gap.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: True
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe Brazil’s general human geography, multiple development opportunities, and the workings of its sub-regions.
Section Reference: Brazil
Question 21 of 25    0.0/ 4.0 Points
Cities with populations of over 10 million are referred to as Megalopolis .

Answer Key: megacities
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the general patterns of South America’s urbanization and the spatial organization of its cities.
Section Reference: Urbanization
Question 22 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Mulatto is the term applied to people of mixed European and African ancestry.

Answer Key: Mulatto
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the role of historical geography and colonization in shaping the geographic features of this realm today
Section Reference: Collision of Cultures
Question 23 of 25    0.0/ 4.0 Points
The term altzona describes distinctive climatic areas created by variations in elevation from place to place.

Answer Key: altitudinal zone
Feedback: Learning Objective: Label the seven republics of this region and their geographic dimensions.
Section Reference: Central American Republics
Question 24 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere.

Answer Key: Haiti
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the general layout of the Caribbean Islands.
Section Reference: The Caribbean Basin
Question 25 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
The Rain Shadow effect describes the climatic process by which mountains force moisture from passing air masses, leaving the downwind side of a mountain range drier than the upwind side.

Answer Key: rain shadow|orographic
Feedback: Learning Objective: Identify the landform regions, climates, and major lakes and rivers of North America.
Section Reference: North America’s Physical Geography

Post Merge: Oct 23, 2012

GEOG101 Mid-Term

Part 1 of 1 -   82.5/ 100.0 Points

Question 1 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
The large cluster of population in the northeastern United States is known as:


A. Megalopolis

B. the global core

C. the urban heartland

D. the world-region

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Name and locate the three largest world population clusters.
Section Reference: Realms of Population
Question 2 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Which of the following is not an example of European supranationalism?


A. Ukraine's Orange Revolution

B. the European Union

C. Benelux

D. the Euro currency

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Demonstrate the rise of European unification in terms of the economic, political, and cultural issues that drive this process.
Section Reference: European Unification
Question 3 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Which of the following is true?


A. Climate refers to long term average conditions

B. Russia's climate may be described as dominated by C climates

C. Climate refers to current conditions at a given location

D. Weather refers to long term average conditions

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Identify the major geographic features of Russia in relation to Russia’s difficult natural environment and human adaptations to it.
Section Reference: Physical Geography of the Russian Realm
Question 4 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
The Continental Core region of the United States is also known as the:

A. Mississippi Valley

B. Main Street Megalopolis


C. American Manufacturing Belt

D. Northeastern Seaboard

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the features that make the Core region of North America so prominent.
Section Reference: North American Core
Question 5 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
The North American Free Trade Agreement:


A. includes only the United States, Canada, and Mexico

B. was disbanded in 2007

C. includes Central America

D. went into effect in the year 2000

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Identify the landform regions, climates, and major lakes and rivers of North America.
Section Reference: Major Geographic Qualities of North America
Question 6 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Which of the following statements is incorrect?


A. Trinidad is one of the Greater Antilles.

B. Though African cultural influences dominate in the Caribbean portion of Middle America, Amerindian traditions survive on the mainland.

C. Anthropologists commonly refer to the Middle American culture hearth as Mesoamerica.

D. Mainland Middle America functions as a land bridge between Mexico and South America.

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe Middle America’s major environmental features and dangers as well as the vertical organization of climates in highland zones.
Section Reference: Physical Geography
Question 7 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
A maquiladora is:

A. a person of mixed European-Amerindian ancestry

B. the owner of an ejido

C. a Mayan plantation


D. a foreign-owned factory in northern and southern Mexico and Central America that assembles duty-free goods

Answer Key: D
Feedback: Learning Objective: Discuss the basic human and physical geography of Mexico and its development opportunities in the NAFTA era.
Section Reference: Mexico
Question 8 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Which of the following is the smallest Central American country in terms of population?

A. Honduras

B. El Salvador

C. Jamaica


D. Belize

Answer Key: D
Feedback: Learning Objective: Label the seven republics of this region and their geographic dimensions.
Section Reference: The Central American Republics
Question 9 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Which of the following countries does not contain a portion of the Amazon Basin?

A. Ecuador

B. Peru


C. Chile

D. Brazil

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the Physiography of South America.
Section Reference: Defining the Realm
Question 10 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Which South American country was most transformed by the forced in-migration of Africans?


A. Brazil

B. Paraguay

C. Colombia

D. Argentina

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Interpret the realm’s cultural mosaic, especially its clusters of Indigenous, African, Mestizo, and European peoples.
Section Reference: The Cultural Mosaic
Question 11 of 40    0.0/ 2.5 Points
The sector of the Latin American city model that is characterized by migrants and poverty is known as:

A. peripheral squatter settlements


B. slum areas known as barrios or favelas

C. the central plaza

D. the CBD

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the general patterns of South America’s urbanization and the spatial organization of its cities.
Section Reference: Urbanization
Question 12 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Which of the following countries is not located in The African Transition Zone?

A. Mauritania

B. Mali

C. Niger


D. Tanzania

Answer Key: D
Feedback: Learning Objective 1: LO 6B.5 Describe the cultural and political forces shaping the geography of this region, especially the impact of the expanding Islamic Front.
Section Reference 1: Section 6B.5 The African Transition Zone
Question 13 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
The first West African state to gain its independence, formerly called the Gold Coast, is:

A. Guinea

B. Gambia


C. Ghana

D. Sierra Leone

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Learning Objective 1: LO 6B.4 Discuss turmoil-plagued West Africa’s basic geography, particularly the challenges facing Nigeria.
Section Reference 1: Section 6B.4 West Africa
Question 14 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Which two colonial powers dominated West Africa?

A. U.S. and France


B. Britain and France

C. Germany and Britain

D. Portugal and Spain

Answer Key: B
Feedback: Learning Objective 1: LO 6B.4 Discuss turmoil-plagued West Africa’s basic geography, particularly the challenges facing Nigeria.
Section Reference 1: Section 6B.4 West Africa
Question 15 of 40    0.0/ 2.5 Points
Which of the following is a lingua franca?

A. Swahili

B. Bantu


C. Niger-Kordofanian

D. Kalahari

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective 1: LO 6B.2 Describe the human geography of East Africa and its development possibilities.
Section Reference 1: Section 6B.2 East Africa
Question 16 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
The ethnic group exerting the most control in Kenya is the:

A. Hutu


B. Kikuyu

C. Tutsi

D. Swahili

Answer Key: B
Feedback: Learning Objective 1: LO 6B.2 Describe the human geography of East Africa and its development possibilities.
Section Reference 1: Section 6B.2 East Africa
Question 17 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Which of the following countries borders Lake Victoria?

A. Malawi

B. Sudan


C. Uganda

D. Ethiopia

Answer Key: C
Feedback: Learning Objective 1: LO 6B.2 Describe the human geography of East Africa and its development possibilities.
Section Reference 1: Section 6B.2 East Africa
Question 18 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
The natural environment of Botswana is dominated by:

A. the inland delta of the Niger River

B. mountains associated with the Great Escarpment

C. coastal swamps and deltas


D. the Kalahari Desert

Answer Key: D
Feedback: Learning Objective 1: LO 6B.1 Explain the environmental and human geography of this region, particularly South Africa.
Section Reference 1: Section 6B.1 Southern Africa
Question 19 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Under the terms of the separate development program, South Africa's land was divided equally between the majority Africans and the minority whites.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: False
Feedback: Learning Objective: Discuss the spatial dimensions of economic development and the World Bank’s global classification scheme.
Section Reference: Geographies of Development
Question 20 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
An entrepôt, such as Copenhagen, is a place where goods are collected, stored, and transshipped.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: True
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe how core-periphery contrasts shape the geography of Europe’s Northern domain.
Section Reference: The Discontinous North
Question 21 of 40    0.0/ 2.5 Points
Whereas major agricultural progress had been achieved under communism, the Soviet industrial sector remained inefficient and a persistent problem.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: False
Feedback: The reverse is true.

Learning Objective: Analyze the political and economic growth and demise of the Soviet Union.
Section Reference: The Soviet Union
Question 22 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Like the U.S., Canada is a federal state.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: True
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the features that make the Core region of North America so prominent.
Section Reference: The North American Core Canada
Question 23 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Mexico contains over 70% of the land area of Middle America (including the islands) and more people than all the region's countries and islands combined.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: True
Feedback: Learning Objective: Discuss the basic human and physical geography of Mexico and its development opportunities in the NAFTA era.
Section Reference: Mexico
Question 24 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
The Sandinistas ruled over Costa Rica.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: False
Feedback: Learning Objective: Label the seven republics of this region and their geographic dimensions.
Section Reference: The Central American Republics
Question 25 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Brazil exports large quantities of coffee, orange juice concentrate, and soybeans.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: True
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe Brazil’s general human geography, multiple development opportunities, and the workings of its sub-regions.
Section Reference: Brazil
Question 26 of 40    0.0/ 2.5 Points
Sierra Leone was settled by former American slaves.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: False
Feedback: Learning Objective 1: LO 6B.4 Discuss turmoil-plagued West Africa’s basic geography, particularly the challenges facing Nigeria.
Section Reference 1: Section 6B.4 West Africa
Question 27 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
The Ibo-dominated breakaway republic within Nigeria during the 1960s called itself Biafra.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: True
Feedback: Learning Objective 1: LO 6B.4 Discuss turmoil-plagued West Africa’s basic geography, particularly the challenges facing Nigeria.
Section Reference 1: Section 6B.4 West Africa
Question 28 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Under the terms of the separate development program, South Africa's land was divided equally between the majority Africans and the minority whites.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: False
Feedback: Learning Objective 1: LO 6B.1 Explain the environmental and human geography of this region, particularly South Africa.
Section Reference 1: Section 6B.1 Southern Africa
Question 29 of 40    0.0/ 2.5 Points
People of Dutch ancestry in South Africa are called Highveld Hollanders.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: False
Feedback: Learning Objective 1: LO 6B.1 Explain the environmental and human geography of this region, particularly South Africa.
Section Reference 1: Section 6B.1 Southern Africa
Question 30 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
“Land tenure” refers to the way people own, occupy, and use land.

A. True
B. False

Answer Key: True
Feedback: Learning Objective 1: LO 6A.4 Describe the broad patterns of land tenure as well as subsistence and commercial agriculture before and after independence.
Section Reference 1: Section 6A.4 Africans and Their Land
Question 31 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
The most recent glaciation to affect North America is named after the U.S. State of Wisconsin .

Answer Key: Wisconsin
Feedback: Learning Objective: Identify the major elements of the natural environment and their general geographic characteristics.
Section Reference: The Physical Setting
Question 32 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
The forcible ouster of an entire population from its homeland by a stronger power bent on taking its territory is known as ethnic cleansing .

Answer Key: ethnic cleansing
Feedback: Learning Objective: Analyze the post-Soviet evolution of states formerly behind the iron curtain and their responses to the challenge of peripheral location.
Section Reference: The Eastern Periphery
Question 33 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Federalism describes a system of government whereby power is shared between a central authority and smaller political subdivisions such as States or the former Soviet Socialist Republics.

Answer Key: Federalism
Feedback: Learning Objective: Analyze the political and economic growth and demise of the Soviet Union.
Section Reference: The Soviet Union
Question 34 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Montreal and the lower course of the St. Lawrence River are located in the Canadian province of Quebec .

Answer Key: Quebec
Feedback: Learning Objective: Discuss the region’s French cultural landscape.
Section Reference: French Canada
Question 35 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula was part of the Mesoamerican culture hearth that gave rise to the maya civilization, which reached its height from the 4th to the 10th centuries A.D.

Answer Key: Maya
Feedback: Learning Objective: Discuss the basic human and physical geography of the Mexico.
Section Reference: Mesoamerican Legacy
Comment:   Please be sure to capitalize proper names. Thanks!
Question 36 of 40    0.0/ 2.5 Points
The lowest-lying latitudinal zone of agricultural activity, extending from sea level to an elevation of 2500 feet (750 meters), is the tierra Red Mediterranean .

Answer Key: caliente
Feedback: Learning Objective: Label the seven republics of this region and their geographic dimensions.
Section Reference: The Central American Republics
Question 37 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
Copper and nitrates are two resources that strongly shaped the economic development of Chile during the past century.

Answer Key: Chile
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the basic physical and human geography of Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay as well as this region’s progress toward economic integration.
Section Reference: The Southern Cone
Question 38 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
The country of Venezuela is South America's leading exporter of crude oil.

Answer Key: Venezuela
Feedback: Learning Objective: Describe the basic environmental, historical, cultural, political, and economic geography of Colombia, Venezuela, and the three Guianas.
Section Reference: The Caribbean North
Question 39 of 40    2.5/ 2.5 Points
The 1884 conference of all the major colonial powers that essentially drew the modern political map of Africa, was held in the European city of Berlin .

Answer Key: Berlin
Feedback: Learning Objective 1: LO 6A.2 Describe African historical evolution in geographic context, from the rise of the early states through the end of the colonial era.
Section Reference 1: Section 6A.2 Africa's Historical Geography
Question 40 of 40    0.0/ 2.5 Points
The systematic field of geography that focuses on the causes, locations, and spread of diseases is called Weegy geography.

Answer Key: medical
Feedback: Learning Objective 1: LO 6A.5 Describe the major features of SubSaharan Africa’s medical geography, including pandemics, epidemics, and the distribution of major diseases such as Malaria and HIV/AIDS.
Section Reference 1: Section 6A.5 Environment and Health
Comment:   Weegy? I'm glad you didn't leave it blank at least! : )

Post Merge: Oct 23, 2012

GEOG101 Quiz 5

Part 1 of 1 -   92.0/ 100.0 Points

Question 1 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
_____ is the name for the land between the rivers.


A. Mesopotamia

B. Choke Point

C. The Fertile Crescent

D. Levant

Answer Key: A
Feedback: Learning Objective 1: LO 7A.2 Explain the term “culture hearth” and briefly trace the rise and fall of the realm’s two culture hearths.
Section Reference 1: Section 7A.2 Hearths of Culture
Question 2 of 25    4.0/ 4.0 Points
Hydraulic civilization theory holds that:

A. water is the key to survival in the desert

B. irrigation is the key to the advancement of agriculture


Last Edit: Oct 23, 2012 by bburley	Report Abuse
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