Transcript
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Chapter 8 - Quick Quiz 1
1. _________ refers to heredity and __________ refers to environmental influences.
a) Nature; nurture
b) Cognition; emotion
c) Nurture; behavioral genetics
d) Cross-sectional; longitudinal
2. Ashley and Mary-Kate are twins who are genetically identical. What type of twins are they?
a) monozygotic twins
b) fraternal twins
c) dizygotic twins
d) wombmates
3. Teratogens will have their most negative impact during __________
a)the first trimester.
b) the embryonic stage.
c) just following birth.
d) the second trimester.
4. Which sense is the LEAST functional at birth?
a) touch
b) taste
c) smell
d) vision
5. Chester is irritable, loud, and negative most of the time. He doesn’t like it when new people pick him up, and he has irregular sleeping, eating, and waking schedules. What temperament does he exhibit?
a) active
b) slow-to-warm-up
c) difficult
d) easy
6. What percentage of American children live apart from their biological fathers?
a) 20%
b) 28%
c) 38%
d) 51%
7. At the beginning of the __________ stage, an infant centers more on action rather than thought.
a) preoperational
b) formal operations
c) sensorimotor
d) concrete
8. According to Vygotsky, which of these is a key factor in a child’s cognitive development?
a) balanced diet
b) social interactions
c) genetic endowment
d) successful resolution of psychosocial crises
9. Children seem to learn phonological awareness skills through __________
a) trial and error.
b) shiritori.
c) word play.
d) overregularization.
10. Television programs such as Sesame Street and Dora the Explorer __________
have a positive effect on cognitive development.
have a negative effect on cognitive development.
have a mixed effect on cognitive development.
have no effect on cognitive development.
Chapter 8 - Quick Quiz 1
Answer Key
1. a Explanation: Nature refers to heredity, or genetic factors, whereas nurture refers to
environmental influences. (Page 263, Conceptual, LO 8.1)
2. a Explanation: Monozygotic twins are identical. (Page 266, Applied, LO 8.3)
3. b Explanation: The embryonic stage when we experience a critical period,
is when we are most susceptible to the impact of teratogens. (Page 268, Factual, LO 8.5)
4. d Explanation: Vision takes about 6 months to fully develop, whereas touch, taste, and
smell are all present at birth. (Page 271, Conceptual, LO 8.7)
5. c Explanation: Difficult babies tend to be irritable, are not comfortable with change, and
have irregular schedules. (Page 273, Applied, LO 8.9)
6. b Explanation: Just over one in four American children live apart from their biological
father. (Page 276, Factual, LO 8.11)
7. c Explanation: The sensorimotor stage involves learning about the world
through physical actions, not internal thoughts. (Page 279, Factual, LO 8.13)
8. b Explanation: Vygotsky believed that cognitive development occurred as a result of social
interactions. (Page 285, Conceptual, LO 8.15)
9. c Explanation: This is how most children learn phonological skills, even
across cultures. (Page 290, Factual, LO 8.19)
10. a Explanation: These television education shows have a positive effect on cognitive
development. (Page 293, Factual, LO 8.22)
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