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LABORATORY REPORT 1 Effect of Exercise on Arterial Pressure and Vascular Resistance
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LABORATORY REPORT 1
Activity: Effect of Exercise on Arterial Pressure and Vascular Resistance
Name:
Instructor:
Date: 03/2015
Predictions
Exercise will cause MAP to decrease
Exercise will cause systemic vascular resistance to decrease
Exercise will cause CO to increase
Materials and Methods
1. Dependent Variable
HR, SV, BP
2. Independent Variable level of activity
3. Controlled Variables gender, age
4. Identify one variable that was not controlled in this study (not dependent or independent variables; hint: think about possible differences between subjects).
Race
5. SVR was calculated using values for BP, CO, and HR. What instrument was used to measure each of the following?
1. Blood pressure
Sphygmomanometer
2. Cardiac output
Cardiac output 3D imaging
3. Heart rate
Heart rate ECG
Results
Table 2: Effect of Exercise on Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure (SBP, SDP), Heart Rate (HR) and Stroke Volume
Resting Values
Immediately After exercise
Systolic BP
(mmHg)
Diastolic BP
(mmHg)
HR (beats/min)
SV (mL)
Systolic BP
(mmHg)
Diastolic BP
(mmHg)
HR (beats/min)
SV (mL)
123
85
74
0.079
149
85
145
0.106
121
81
73
0.076
145
81
146
0.109
122
82
73
0.077
147
82
147
0.107
122
83
73
0.077
147
83
146
0.107
147
83
146
0.107
Resting Values
Immediately After exercise
Systolic BP
(mmHg)
Diastolic BP
(mmHg)
HR (beats/min)
SV (mL)
Systolic BP
(mmHg)
Diastolic BP
(mmHg)
HR (beats/min)
SV (mL)
123
85
74
0.079
149
85
145
0.106
121
81
73
0.076
145
81
146
0.109
122
82
73
0.077
147
82
147
0.107
122
83
73
0.077
147
83
146
0.107
147
83
146
0.107
(SV)
Resting and Early Post-Exercise SBP and DBP
1. Resting and exercising systolic BP -
a. What was the average resting systolic BP?
122
b. What was the average exercising systolic BP?
148
c. The range of normal resting systolic BP for the subjects in this experiment is 115-125 mmHg. Did systolic BP increase, decrease, or not change with exercise?
115-125 mmHg. Increase
2. Resting and exercising diastolic BP -
a. What was the average resting diastolic BP?
83
b. What was the average exercising systolic BP?
84
c. The range of normal resting diastolic BP for these patients was 75-85 mmHg. Did diastolic BP increase, decrease, or not change with exercise?
Increse
Table 3: Resting and Early Post-Exercising Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MAP), Cardiac Output (CO), and Systemic
Vascular Resistance (SVR)
Resting Values
Immediately After exercise
MAP (mmHg)
CO (L/min)
SVR (mmHg x
min/L)
MAP (mmHg)
CO (L/min)
SVR (mmHg x
min/L)
98
5.8
16.9
106
15.4
6.9
94
5.5
17.1
102
15.9
6.4
95
5.6
17.0
104
15.7
6.6
96
5.7
16.8
104
15.7
6.6
16.8
104
15.7
6.6
Resting and Exercising MAP, CO, and SVR
3. Resting and Exercising MAP -
a. What was the average resting MAP?
96
b. What was the average exercising MAP?
104
c. The range of normal resting MAP for the subjects in this experiment is 88-98 mmHg. Did MAP increase, decrease, or not change with exercise?
Increased
4. Resting and Exercising CO -
a. What was the average resting CO?
5.7
b. What was the average exercising CO?
15.8
c. The range of resting CO for the subjects in this experiment is 4.55-5.55 L/min. Did CO increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? Increased
5. Resting and Exercising SVR -
a. What was the average resting SVR?
16.8
b. What was the average exercising SVR?
6.6
c. The range of resting SVR for the subjects in this experiment is 10.2-12.03 mmHg per min/L. Did SVR increase, decrease, or not change with exercise?
Decreased
Discussion
1. Explain what caused the observed changes in systolic BP and MAP with exercise.
Systolic BP and MAP both increased because there was a greater demand for oxygen causing the heart to pump faster and stronger to keep up with demand.
2. Compare the resting and exercising systemic vascular resistance values and discuss what causes the observed change with exercise.
The SVR decreased drastically because the valaves decreased of vasodialation of skeletal muscles. The values are higher at rest because of increased blood flow.
3. Explain how the change in MAP and SVR affected blood flow and why this is important.
MAP causes the blood vessels to dilate which in return decreased SVR for the blood to flow faster to supply the active skeletal muscles.
4. Restate your predictions that were correct and give data from your experiment that support them. Restate your predictions that were not correct and correct them with supporting data from your experiment.
My predictions were correct. MAP increased and CO increased. At rest MAP was 95.3 mmHg and increased to 105mmHg during exercise. CO
at rest was 5.7L/min and increased to 15.8L/min during exercise. SVR decreased from 16.7 at rest to 6.7 during exercise.
Application
1. Calcium channel blockers, a type of anti-hypertensive drug, block the entry of calcium into smooth muscle which causes smooth muscle to relax. Explain how this decreases blood pressure.
These blockers CCB slow down the calcium moving into cells of the heart of the blood vessels thats why they are called calcium channel blockers because they block calcium.
2. Explain why cutting an arterial vessel will cause a greater loss of blood over the same amount of time than cutting a venous vessel.
Arterial blood carries blood away from the heart with a lot of force venous flows to heart.High blood pressure can make it harder for the bleeding to stop, while the blood is coming out it is not getting the the body parts that need it
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