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ProfLightningHawk2254-Psychology

Uploaded: 4 years ago
Contributor: mauberson1
Category: Psychology and Mental Health
Type: Lecture Notes
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Filename:   ProfLightningHawk2254-Psychology.docx (43.05 kB)
Page Count: 7
Credit Cost: 1
Views: 47
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Transcript
Essentials of Psychology Name Institution Essentials of Psychology If the experiment seems to be the pinnacle of research methods (because it allows us to set up cause and effect), why is the correlational method even considered? Correlational method is important in psychology as it helps in determining the extent to which two variables are related. It helps in the analyzing of the data in using different means. Describe the double-blind technique and state the significance of it. It is a procedure where both the parent and the staff are blind or ignorant as to the condition in which the participants are in at a particular time. In an experiment, it means that neither the persons administering nor the subjects are aware about the facts of the experiment. The procedure is important because it prevents the researchers from skewing the results of the experiment by tampering with the responses of the subjects unknowingly. Imagine you work for a drug company that just created a medication to decrease anxiety in adults.  Design an experiment using the appropriate research method that would allow you to best market your company's new pill. A drug invented in our company has gone through various tests to ensure that it meets all required standards for human consumption. We have also ensured that is free from any side effect that would develop other health challenges Jack was hit by a drunk driver and sustained a severe injury to his left frontal lobe.  What should Jack and his family expect now?  What difference, if any, might Jack's age make on the situation? Injuries to left frontal lobe are also known as traumatic brain injury. The front area of jack is damaged and this has affected his ability to coordinate his eyes and hands. As a result of left frontal lobe injury, jack may impair his attention span, motivation, and judgment as well as organization capacity. Explain at least three of the following techniques used to study the brain: EEG, CT scan, MRI, PET scan, and MRI.  What is the significance of these brain-imaging techniques? CT scan It provides more details than a normal x ray. It gives detailed information on head injuries stroke and brain tremor EEG test It measures and record the electrical activity of brain by use of sensor attached to the patients head. It is normally done to check for problems with loss of consciousness and to study a sleep disorder. PET scan it used to see how well brain tissues are working. A significance of the brain imaging machine is that they are designed to detect a specific brain problem. It allows medics to attend their patients more effectively. Explain in detail how information is sent from one neuron to the next. Neurons are cells that pass chemical and electrical signals along the pathways in brain. Information is passed from one neuron to another through small gaps known as synapse. One sending neuron can connect to several receiving neuron and one receiving neuron can connect to several sending neuron. Define olfaction, explain its process. It is the capacity of smelling. Olfaction process is a series of events here odor molecules are detected olfactory receptor. These chemicals are the sent to the brain where they are perceived as smell. Odor is influenced by various factors such as environmental and the individuals. Explain Gestalts Laws of Grouping. This is a perception of accounting for the observation of visuals. Gestalts laws of grouping bring together principles such as the size and the shape of the object, the approximate distance, size and the color. Differentiate depressants from stimulants.  Illustrate your understanding of these drug categories by including a discussion of specific drugs and explaining how they affect the brain. Depressant and stimulants are completely opposite of each other. Each of the plays a role in the body is opposite to each other. Depressants slower the heart rare and give the mind a relaxing effect while stimulants excites the body by having a stimulating effect on the body. Describe structuralism as a school of thought.  What significant role did structuralism play in establishing the field of psychology? Structuralism is the study of element of consciousness. In structural school of thought conscious experience can be broken down into conscious elements. In a method called introspection. This school of thought gave a basic perception of describing an experience of objective by itself, this played as a significant to the field of psychology. Describe the two different types of twins and explain their significance to the field of psychology.  Identical twins It occurs when a single egg is fertilized by one sperm to form one zygote. The zygote then separates to form two embryos. Depending on stage when the zygote divides twins, it might share some amnion. Monochromic twins Twins share the same amnion and the same placenta blood supply. About 50% of mono twins die from umbilical cord entanglement. This is important to the psychology field because it provides the information of different behavior of the twins Explain in detail what causes hearing loss.  Hearing loss can be caused by damaging of inner ear which is caused by loud noise. Spending time in noisy places can damage year drum which results to hearing loss. Hearing loss can also be caused by genetics in the family. Members of the family can inherit this problem from their parents. Age can also lead to hearing loss. Define hypnosis and name 3 situations in which it has been successfully used.  Additionally, use the 3 major theories of hypnosis to help explain this phenomenon. It is a technique that heightens relaxation and allows people to focus on imaginary things as if they are real. It is used for mental rehearsal. This allows a person to create the preferred behavior that is rich and vivid detail. It is also used in learning better ways to deal with stress. It is also used to break dependence of alcohol and cigarettes How does each of the four major schools of thought (behaviorism, psychoanalytic theory, humanistic theory, cognitive theory) explain how an individual may develop depression? Depression develops when a person is not able to control stress. Different schools of thought have described the possible way on how a person can develop depression and it signs. Early signs for depression is it forget and to lose concentration, it then develops to frequent head ache and finally it affects brains which disrupts normal body functions Discuss the issue of Genetics (Nature versus Nurture) Genetics is study of genes. It is how describes why people are have different physical features. It also describes how diseases are transferred among the family members. It also helps to know about variation between plant and animals. Genetics helps to develop medicine for a particular disease. Police uses a genetic figure prints to catch thieves. Reference Nevid, J. (2011) 4th ed. Essentials of psychology: Concepts and applications. US: Cengage Learning.

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