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Juvenile Justice Quiz 4

Uploaded: 6 years ago
Contributor: bio_man
Category: Legal Studies
Type: Solutions
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Filename:   Juvenile Justice Quiz 4.docx (16.98 kB)
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Juvenile Justice: Quiz 4 1. Which of the following is NOT one of the four key factors contributing to female delinquency as identified by Gisela Konopka? a uniquely dramatic biological onset of puberty a simple identification process because of a girl’s lack of competitiveness with her mother the changing cultural position of females and the resultant uncertainty and loneliness the hostile picture that the world presents to some young females 2 .Which of the following factors, affecting social construction of crime data on juvenile females’ increased rates of violence, refers to zero tolerance policies? upcriming relabeling rediscovery bootstrapping 3. Meda Chesney-Lind stated that it has long been understood that a major reason for girls’ presence in juvenile court is their parents’ insistence on their arrest. True False 4. Which of the following is a conclusion made by Janet L. Lauritsen, in examining what is known about racial and ethnic differences in juvenile offending? Female status offenders were more likely than their male counterparts to be petitioned to formal court proceedings. African American youths are disproportionately involved in alcohol offenses. Adolescent Asian females receive discriminatory treatment because of society’s disapproval of sexual activity. Rates of juvenile homicide are higher for minorities than for white youthful offenders 5. Which of the following theories states that males may be more likely to become involved in delinquency than females because males tend to experience stresses such as high aspirations but poor schools and a lack of opportunity? routine activities theory interactionist theory general strain theory power-control theory 6. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a typical female juvenile offender? She has a history of healthy relationships with her parents, especially her father. She is 13 to 18 years old. She has mental health issues. She is from an unstable family background. 7. Which of the following is a conclusion made by the Charles Tittle and colleagues’ 1978 review of thirty-five studies examining the relationship between class and crime? The strongest and most consistent class–crime associations are found between measures of continuing underclass status and sustained involvement in street crimes. Inadequate measurement may explain past findings indicating no relationship between class and delinquency. Little support exists for the contention that delinquency is basically a lower-class phenomenon. The average number of delinquent acts reported by lower-class youths exceeds the average number reported by working-class youths. 8. The theory of cognitive transformation to explain desistance, or the dropping out of committing crime, was developed by whom? Silbert and Pines Chesney-Lind and Rodriguez Peggy C. Giordano and her colleagues Brown and Stein 9. Sampson and Wilson found that black family disruption has a stronger effect on juvenile violence than on adult violence. True False 10. What term did William J. Wilson use to refer to the effects of living in a neighborhood that is overwhelmingly impoverished? masculinity deprivation concentration effects cognitive persistence gender neutrality 11. Which of the following is the third in Chesney-Lind’s four propositions on the feminist theory of delinquency? victimizers utilizing official agencies to keep victims at home victims getting involved in criminal activity that exploits their sexuality girls frequently becoming the victims of sexual abuse girls running away from home and forced to survive on streets 12. Margaret Farnworth and colleagues’ examination of the first four waves of data from the Rochester Youth Development Study found no evidence of a relationship between class and delinquency. True False 13. The blocked opportunity theory is related to which of the following explanations of girls’ delinquency? psychological explanations psychological explanations sociological explanations constitutional explanations 14. Substance abuse is highly correlated with early childhood sexual victimization, mostly among females of color. True False 15. The feminist theory of delinquency examines adolescent females’ sexual and physical victimization at home and the relationship between these experiences and their crimes. True False 16. Which of the following is true regarding female use of drugs and alcohol? Comparative studies reveal an increase in gender differences among adolescent drug users in the past decade and a half. Female and male high school seniors use alcohol and marijuana at about the same rates. Presented with the opportunity to do drugs, females tended to use at higher rates than males. Female high school seniors are less likely than male high school students to smoke cigarettes. 17. What term did William J. Wilson use to refer to the effects of living in a neighborhood that is overwhelmingly impoverished? masculinity deprivation concentration effects cognitive persistence gender neutrality 18. In which of the following theories does delinquency occur through a process of role taking. feminist theory interactionist theory routine activities theory power-control theory 19. Which of the following theories states that some females are more likely than others to become involved in delinquent behavior because of their exposure to delinquent models? general strain theory power-control theory labeling theory social learning theory 20. Which of the following is NOT a conclusion reached by Donna Bishop in her definitive article on race and ethnicity in juvenile justice? Minority overrepresentation is attributable to inequities in the juvenile justice process rather than the incidence, seriousness, and persistence of their offending When confined, minorities are more likely to be housed in privately run, specialized treatment facilities or group homes rather than large public institutions. Prosecutors and judges are quicker to relinquish jurisdiction over minorities, only rarely transferring them to criminal court for prosecution and punishment as adults. African Americans who came from single-parent households were less likely to be referred to juvenile court than those who resided in two-parent households.Prosecutors and judges are hesitant to relinquish jurisdiction over minorities, only rarely transferring them to criminal court for prosecution and punishment as adults.

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