History Test

1.  How did slavery in Senegambia compare to slavery in the Americas?   In both places, slaves could be bought and sold. In the Americas, slave status passed from one generation to the next, while in Senegambia descendants of slaves were sometimes free. In both places, slave status passed from one generation to the next, and the descendants of slaves were never free. In Senegambia, slaves were treated harshly, while they were treated more kindly in the Americas. 2.  Benin City was known for artistic work in iron, ivory, and what other product?   Decorative copper containers Gold filigree jewelry Bronze portrait busts Woven baskets 3.  In the fifteenth century, what state became the successor to Ghana and Mali in the Niger region?   Songhai Benin Senegambia Hausa 4.  For what is Leo Africanus best known?   The establishment of mosques throughout West Africa The expulsion of the Jesuits from Ethiopia His descriptions of African society The further expansion of Songhai 5.  Who supplied the labor on the royal farms of Songhai?   Slaves War captives Tax debtors Indentured servants 6.  What army ultimately destroyed the Songhai Empire?   Prince Henry's army from the kingdom of Portugal The army of the kingdom of Benin Armies from the kingdom of Ethiopia A largely slave army from the sultanate of Morocco 7.  Most West African marriages were distinguished by what characteristic?   They were often forced after war with a neighboring tribe. They were almost universally polygamous. They were virtually all arranged by parents. They were almost always monogamous. 8.  In addition to famine, what was the greatest obstacle to population growth in West Africa?   The small population of women Diseases such as malaria The lack of available arable land Warfare and slave trading 9.  Defeated by General Ahmad ibn-Ghazi in 1529, the Ethiopian emperor Lebna Dengel sought aid from which of the following?   The Dutch Republic India The Ottomans Portugal 10.  Roughly 35 percent of Swahili words come from which of the following languages?   Coptic Yoruba Arabic Egyptian 11.  Swahili independence ended with the arrival in 1498 of which Portuguese explorer?   Prince Henry the Navigator Giovanni da Verrazzano Vasco da Gama Ferdinand Magellan 12.  What important role did the Portuguese forts and markets at Kilwa, Zanzibar, and Sofala have?   They represented the merging of Portuguese and Swahili trade powers. They continued to provide the independent Swahili city-states with money. They benefited the inland gold mines of Sofala by opening new markets. They became the foundation of Portuguese economic power on the Swahili coast. 13.  Roughly 75 percent of the slaves imported into the Dutch Cape Colony were from where?   West Africa and Angola India, Southeast Asia, and Madagascar Swahili-speaking areas The Balkans and Anatolia 14.  The Arabic word abd, or black, was associated with what word?   Free Strong Slave Labor 15.  Where was Pedro Cabral attempting to sail when he discovered Brazil?   The Caribbean Portugal Africa India 16.  What New World country received the largest numbers of slaves from the transatlantic trade during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries?   French Canada Mexico British North America Brazil 17.  Prior to 1600, what European country virtually monopolized the transatlantic slave trade?   Portugal France Spain England 18.  The great majority of the slaves sent to the Americas were to be employed in which of the following?   Coffee and sugar plantations in the Caribbean and South America Tobacco plantations of British North America Cotton plantations of British North America Gold and silver mines in Central and South America 19.  In the eighteenth century, what city was the world's greatest slave-trading port?   London Liverpool Bristol Edinburgh 20.  Which African state played a very active and profitable role in the transatlantic slave trade?   Kingdom of Senegambia Songhai Empire Kingdom of Dahomey Swahili kingdom 21.  What was one of the results of the increase in population and urbanization during the eighteenth century?   Economic freedoms increased, but more legal restrictions were introduced. Inflation grew, making it more difficult for urban people to afford food and rent. Common people were freed from paying taxes and fees. There were more job opportunities than ever before. 22.  By the late eighteenth century, European law recognized only what kinds of people as slaves?   Eastern Europeans born to illiterate parents Anyone not born into the elite, noble class Africans or people of African descent People who could not pay their debts 23.  What did eighteenth-century reformers believe about the rule of monarchs?   That it should be completely abolished in favor of democracy That it should be open to debates among the wealthy That it should be constrained by the will of the people That it could be limitless as long as it was benevolent 24.  What did both Britain and France do as a result of the Seven Years' War?   Lost all their colonies Raised taxes Began to focus more on Asia Dominated European politics 25.  Which of the following did the British use to assist their efforts in the American Revolution?   German mercenaries Terror tactics Mass extermination Offers of a compromise 26.  Who wrote Common Sense?   John Locke Benjamin Franklin Thomas Paine John Adams 27.  In 1783, American independence was recognized in what treaty?   The Treaty of Ghent The Treaty of London The Treaty of Paris The Treaty of New York 28.  One of the first acts of the American Congress was to   protect the land of Native American tribes. prohibit the sale of slaves between states. declare its support for the principle of one person, one vote. ban participation in the international slave trade. 29.  What important document did Olympe de Gouges write?   Declaration of the Rights of Merchants Declaration of the Rights of Peasants Declaration of the Rights of Woman Declaration of the Rights of Slaves 30.  Edmund Burke, in his 1790 Reflections on the Revolution in France,   championed the liberal ideology that led to the Revolution. supported the actions of the peasants and sans-culottes. defended the actions of Robespierre during the Reign of Terror. argued that reform like that occurring in France would only lead to chaos and tyranny. 31.  The Thermidorian reaction saw what group reassert its authority in French politics?   The monarchists The nobles The middle class The peasantry 32.  The Napoleonic Code asserted two fundamental principles of the revolution, the legal equality of all male citizens and what else?   Universal suffrage Equality of women A strong military Absolute protection of wealth and property 33.  Why did Napoleon negotiate the Concordat of 1801 with the pope?   He wanted to use Church funds to help operate the French government. He hoped that the Catholic Church would help stabilize society and maintain order. He was a devout Catholic. He was afraid that the pope would throw his support to France's opponents. 34.  After he was defeated at Waterloo in 1815, what happened to Napoleon?   He was exiled to Elba. He was imprisoned on the island of St. Helena. He was imprisoned in Paris. He was executed. 35.  In August 1791, who revolted on the island of Saint-Domingue?   Free people of color All people of color Slaves Spanish laborers 36.  In the English putting-out system, what did merchants do with raw materials?   They traded them to the Dutch for finished cloth. They loaned them to local cottage workers who processed them at home. They sent them to factories they owned in English villages for processing. They sent them to colonial factories to be worked into final products. 37.  What did Edmund Cartwright invent in 1785?   A better steam engine A power loom A hybrid jenny and water frame A special cotton harvester 38.  By 1831, the mechanized cotton textile industry accounted for how much of England's entire industrial output?   10 percent 22 percent 6 percent 75 percent 39.  Which of the following was the primary source of heat for all European homes and industries until the eighteenth century?   Peat Coal Wood Water 40.  By reducing the cost of shipping freight, the railroad   created national markets. proved to be a boon to cottage workers and urban artisans. reduced the volume of world trade. strengthened regional economies. 41.  What did the British economist Thomas Malthus conclude in his 1798 Essay on the Principle of Population?   That checks to population growth would harm the British economy That men and women should limit population growth by marrying late in life That population pressure would always force wages down to subsistence levels That the standard of living was a reflection of industrial capacity 42.  How did Britain attempt to maintain its industrial advantage over continental Europe?   By enacting restrictions that prohibited continental Europeans from visiting By prohibiting industrial workers from moving from one industry to another By refusing to hire industrial workers who had family on the European continent By making it illegal for skilled industrial workers and technicians to leave Britain 43.  What British-style industry did William Cockerill and his sons introduce to French-occupied Belgium in 1799?   Cotton spinning Railroads Coke production Iron smelting 44.  After the Napoleonic Wars, the French government imposed tariff protections to prevent which of the following?   An influx of cheaper migrant workers Paying more for imported goods Losing skilled labor to other states The import of cheaper foreign (often British) goods 45.  In 1802, the British Parliament banned which of the following in factories?   Women workers Employing whole families Overseers The use of pauper apprentices 46.  What did Robert Owen argue in 1816?   That women made the most practical source of labor That employing children in factories was dangerous for them That factories were protecting the family by providing new opportunities That using orphans as labor solved the problem of too many orphans 47.  According to the text, the Mines Act of 1842 prohibited underground work for all women because of concerns about which of the following?   The extremely hard physical labor demanded of the work The low rates of pay for women as compared to men The sexual morality of the miners The danger to the health of the fetus in pregnant female miners 48.  What did the poet William Blake think about industrialization?   He saw the factories as the heralds of a more fair and just world. He celebrated the tremendous power of the new mills. He praised industrialization for bringing wealth to the poor. He called the early factories “satanic mills” and protested the hard life of the poor. 49.  Who wrote The Condition of the Working Class in England?   Karl Marx Robert Owen Friedrich Engels Friedrich List 50.  What was the aim of the Combination Acts of 1799?   To make it illegal for one person to own factories in more than a single industry To prevent English companies from using loans from foreign banks To prohibit monopolies in the textile industry To outlaw labor unions and strikes