Which of the following computer-based programs lets a manager know what resources are needed by a particular date to fill an order on time?
A) statistical process control
B) computer-aided manufacturing
C) materials requirement planning
D) stock book solution
E) radio frequency identification
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Answer
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C) A stock book solution is an inventory control system in which inventory on hand, in transit and sold are manually recorded in a book. Both SPC and CAM are computer software tools that aid in the production process. SPC aids in quality control and CAM aids in product manufacturing. Materials requirement planning is a computer-based program used for inventory control and production. It allows a company to know what materials need to be ordered or arranged to complete the order. This program can help determine potential parts and labor shortages before they happen.
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Which of the following business management systems consolidates information into a central database that is accessible to various system modules?
A) statistical process control
B) enterprise resource planning
C) material requirement planning
D) lean production
E) total quality management
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Answer
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B) SPC is a tool used in quality control. Materials requirement planning is a computer-based program used for inventory control and production. It allows a company to know what materials need to be ordered or arranged to complete the order. This program can help determine potential parts and labor shortages before they happen. Lean production is a set of principles concerned with reducing waste and improving flow. Enterprise resource planning consolidates information into a central database that is accessible to various system modules. ERP systems allow companies to streamline workflows across the entire company rather than limiting it to one function.
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When referring to flexible manufacturing, it is TRUE that it ________.
A) relies heavily on labor, since humans are more adaptable and smarter than even the fastest machines
B) uses machines designed to perform multiple tasks so they can be used to produce a variety of products
C) achieves its flexibility at the cost of much slower rates of production than mass production techniques
D) is only possible when using mass production processes since these processes are specifically designed to adapt
E) stops or slows down production when variations in design are desired
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Answer
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B) Flexible production uses machines designed to perform multiple tasks all at the same time so that they can produce a variety of products. The use of machines provides for an increase in flexibility over mass production with little change in rate of production.
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When opening a restaurant, which of the following considerations would likely be most important?
A) proximity to airports
B) proximity to raw materials
C) proximity to hazardous waste disposal
D) proximity to utilities
E) proximity to market
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Answer
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E) Service businesses, such as restaurants, supermarkets, and retail operations, must choose their locations based on how near they are to their potential customer base. A restaurant that is easily visible to passing cars and pedestrians has more of an advantage in attracting customers than a restaurant tucked away in a remote part of town where few people visit. Proximity to the other criteria are important, but to a lesser degree for a restaurant.
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The old method of quality control in the United States believed it was best to test products ________.
A) at least 3 times before completion
B) during the production process
C) after completion of a product
D) after every step in the assembly line
E) just prior to completion
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The goal achieved by using mass production is to ________.
A) produce goods of the highest possible quality
B) replace all employee jobs with speedier machines
C) provide the maximum flexibility in production
D) produce large quantities of goods at a low cost
E) process different parts simultaneously
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Answer
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D) Mass production is used to produce mass quantities of identical products at a low cost. The quality is a lesser factor than volume. Although machines are used in mass production, and have reduced the number of employees needed, employees will always be needed to operate the machines used in production. Because of the assembly line method used in mass production, flexibility in meeting consumer needs is lost.
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Supply chains are part of ________.
A) manufacturing firms only
B) service industries only
C) for profit businesses only
D) not-for-profit organizations only
E) all businesses
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Answer
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E) Supply chains are a part of every business—service, manufacturing, profit, and not-for-profit. The goal for service organizations is the same as that for manufacturing firms: to maximize value in the delivery process to achieve a competitive advantage; however, instead of managing "things," supply chain management for service organizations (sometimes referred to as service chain management) manages the time and actions of the labor force required to perform the service.
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Supply chain management for service organizations manages ________.
A) things, just like manufacturing firms
B) the perceptions of their customers
C) the reputation of their organization in the global marketplace
D) social media options
E) the time and actions of the labor force required to perform the service
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Answer
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E) Supply chains also exist in service organizations. The goal is the same for service organizations: to maximize value in the delivery process to achieve a competitive advantage; however, instead of managing "things," supply chain management for service organizations (sometimes referred to as service chain management) manages the time and actions of the labor force required to perform the service.
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Software that combines computer-aided design functions with computer-aided manufacturing machines is called ________.
A) computer-integrated manufacturing
B) an industrial robot system
C) customer-driven production
D) a flexible production system
E) enterprise resource planning
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Answer
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A) Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) goes even further than the technology of CAD and CAM. CIM systems combine design and manufacturing functions with other functions, such as order taking, shipment, and billing. CIM has allowed companies to expand business and serve more customers while continuing to offer affordable prices.
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Prior to the implementation of total quality management, defective items were ________.
A) passed off as perfect products
B) incorporated into a new product
C) scrapped or reworked
D) stored indefinitely
E) sold at a premium
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