Structure of the F0F1 complex

The F0F1 complex, also called ATP synthase or complex V, contains an F1 knob projecting into the mitochondrial matrix and connected by a central stalk to the F0 base.

The globular F1 knob contains three ab dimers, arranged about the central stalk, which is made up of g, d and e subunits.

The F0 base is composed of 10–12 c subunits (the c-ring) and one subunit a. The peripheral stalk (subunits b, d, F6, and OSCP) is attached to the F0 base via subunit a and at least four other minor membrane-embedded subunits that are not shown.

The central stalk and the c-ring compose the “rotor” of ATP synthase.

The remainder of the subunits make up the “stator,” a structure that prevents the rotation of the three dimers of F1.