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Stage 2: Synthesis of Squalene from Mevalonate

Description
The next several reactions occur in the cytosol.

First, mevalonate is activated by three successive phosphorylations.

The first two are simple nucleophilic substitutions on the g-phosphorous of ATP.

The third phosphorylation, at position 3, sets the stage for a decarboxylation to give the five-carbon isopentenyl pyrophosphate
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