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Blood Supply to the Lungs

Description
Respiratory Membrane

The respiratory membrane is composed of:
A layer of type I and type II alveolar cells and associated alveolar macrophages that constitutes the alveolar wall
An epithelial basement membrane underlying the alveolar wall
A capillary basement membrane that is often fused to the epithelial basement membrane
The capillary endothelium

Blood enters the lungs via the pulmonary arteries (pulmonary circulation) and the bronchial arteries (systemic circulation)
Blood exits the lungs via the pulmonary veins and the bronchial veins
Ventilation-perfusion coupling
Vasoconstriction in response to hypoxia diverts blood from poorly ventilated areas to well ventilated areas
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