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Eyeless
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(A) A normal fruit fly has large, round eyes. (B) A fruit fly
with a mutation in its eyeless gene develops with no eyes. (C) Eyes form wherever the eyeless
gene is expressed in fly embryos—here, on the head and wing.
Humans, mice, squids, and other animals have a gene called PAX6. In humans, PAX6 mutations
result in missing irises, a condition called aniridia (D). Compare a normal iris (E). PAX6 is
so similar to eyeless that it triggers eye development when expressed in fly embryos.
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