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DNA sequencing by the dideoxy method

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(a) Traditional dideoxy sequencing used a mixture of radiolabelled deoxy and nonlabelled dideoxynucleoside triphosphates. Following electrophoresis, the bands were detected by autoradiography. Step (1) shows the structure of dideoxyguanosine triphosphate, abbreviated ddGTP. It has a hydrogen, shown in red, instead of a hydroxyl group. (b) Automated sequencing uses a fluorescence detector that measures the four kinds of dideoxynucleotides as they emerge from the gel.
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