Biology Forums - Study Force

Which of the following are potential costs of sexual reproduction?
 
  a. Proteins in the seminal fluid of Drosophila males shorten the life expectancy of inseminated females.
  b. Females of birds of paradise inspect several males before making a decision of who to mate with.
  c. Anther smut fungus is vectored by insect pollinators.
  d. Male and female damselflies form characteristic mating wheels, which allow the partners to fly, albeit at slower speeds than a single damselfly.
  e. All of the above.

E