Biology Forums - Study Force

According to the text, which of the following is TRUE?
 
 

a. The uses and gratifications perspective gave rise to the limited effects model.
  b. The limited effects model gave rise to the uses and gratifications perspective.
  c. The uses and gratifications perspective gave rise to the hypodermic needle
  model.
  d. The hypodermic needle model gave rise to the uses and gratifications
  perspective.
  e. The limited effects model and the uses and gratifications model were both
  conceived and introduced to the literature by the same researchers: Elihu Katz,
  Jay Blumler, and Michael Gurevitch

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