Biology Forums - Study Force

Which risk factor for heart disease cannot be changed by lifestyle modifications?
 a. genetics
 b. obesity
 c. high blood pressure
  d. physical activity

Q. 2

Which characteristic is associated with the incidence rate of disease development?
 a. All cases in a single survey are counted.
 b. It is measured in a single point in time.
 c. All individuals are examined including cases and non-cases.
  d. It is measured most efficiently in a cohort study.

Q. 3

An epidemiologic study evaluated the relationship between caffeine and developing high blood pressure. The relative risk of the group drinking five caffeinated drinks a day in comparison to the group drinking no caffeinated drinks a day was 0.99 . This means that if a person drinks five caffeinated drinks a day, he or she ____.
 a. has a 99 percent chance of developing high blood pressure
 b. has a 99 percent chance of NOT developing high blood pressure
  c. is not at increased risk of high blood pressure
 d. will almost certainly develop particularly severe high blood pressure

Q. 4

To an epidemiologist studying factors that contribute to diabetes, an individual with a confirmed case of diabetes is a(n) ____.
 a. incidence
 b. prevalence
  c. case
 d. risk factor

Q. 5

Which of the following is not considered a vital statistic?
 a. cause-specific death rate
  b. fetal death rate
 c. infant mortality rate
 d. drug-usage rate

Q. 6

Prenatal exposure to ____ is one of the leading preventable causes of mental retardation in the United States.
 a. nicotine
 b. alcohol
 c. cocaine
 d. marijuana

Q. 7

Over the past decade, epidemiologic data have been used to develop ____ methods for identifying women at high risk of giving birth to a child with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD).
 a. surveillance
  b. pervasive
 c. intervention
  d. determinant

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