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Discussion News Articles and Discussion Topic started by: oemBiology on May 31, 2019



Title: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on May 31, 2019
I would like to know on any related articles about how do atmospheric pressure effect on UV.

Does anyone have any suggestions?
Thanks in advance for any suggestions


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: ryann on Jun 1, 2019
I didn't find correlation between pressure and UV light. I only find correlation between temperature and UV light. What made you think pressure and UV light are connected?


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on Jun 1, 2019
Do you find correlation between pressure and temperature?
Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bio_man on Jun 1, 2019
As the temperature increases, the molecules in the gas move faster, impacting the gas's container more frequently and exerting a greater force. This increases the pressure. And similarly As the pressure goes up, the temperature also goes up. So the temperature and the pressure is directly proportional to each other.

Ideal gas law: PV=nRT

Variables explained below :down:

I would like to know on any related articles about how do atmospheric pressure effect on UV.

Does anyone have any suggestions?
Thanks in advance for any suggestions


In terms of UV radiation and atmospheric pressure, I don't see a correlation either. Atmospheric pressure has to do with gravity and air molecules.


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bio_man on Jun 1, 2019
Explained simpler below :down:

(http://slideplayer.com/slide/9161531/27/images/1/Ideal+Gas+Law+PV+%3D+nRT.+P%3D+pressure+%28atm%29+V%3D+volume+%28L%29+n%3D+Mole+Gas+%28mol%29+T%3D+temperature+%28K%29+R%3D+universal+gas+constant..jpg)


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on Jun 1, 2019
Do following statement based on the same amount of molecules on atmosphere?
Higher Pressure = same amount of molecules move faster
Lower Pressure = same amount of molecules move slower

I would like to know on how to interpret higher pressure, air molecules tends to from higher pressure to lower pressure.  For higher pressure, does it mean having more air molecules(mass) or more faster molecules (speed)?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thanks, to everyone very much for any suggestions (^v^)


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bio_man on Jun 1, 2019
High pressure situations occur when there are more air molecules in the sky. This happens if a lot of water evaporates into the sky after several days of high temperature around a body of water for example.

After it rains and the clouds clear up, low pressure sets in.

That'll be my last post before bed!


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on Jun 1, 2019
I think that higher pressure is caused by higher temperature (expanding air volume), so it should be less air molecules in the sky, would it be correct?

Furthermore, referring to following statement, I would like to know on how lower pressure cause rheumatic diseases.

"Our data demonstrate that osteoarthritic patients experience increased joint pain in response to a decrease in pressure, indicating that low atmospheric pressure conditions exacerbate joint pain in these patients."
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15633634

Do you have any suggestions?
Thanks, to everyone very much for any suggestions (^v^)


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bio_man on Jun 1, 2019
Quote
I think that higher pressure is caused by higher temperature (expanding air volume), so it should be less air molecules in the sky, would it be correct?

The relationship between temperature and atmospheric pressure is outlined below:

Warm temperature:

Warm air causes air pressure to rise. When air molecules collide, they exert force on each other. When gas molecules are heated, the molecules move more quickly, and the increased velocity causes more collisions. As a result, more force is exerted on each molecule and air pressure increases. Temperature affects air pressure at different altitudes due to a disparity in air density. Given two columns of air at different temperatures, the column of warmer air will experience the same air pressure at a higher altitude that is measured at a lower altitude in the cooler column of air.

Cold temperature:

Cool temperatures cause air pressure to drop. When gas molecules cool, they move more slowly. Decreased velocity results in fewer collisions between molecules and air pressure decreases. Air density plays a role in the correlation between temperature and pressure because warmer air is less dense than cool air, allowing molecules to have more space to collide with greater force. In cooler air, the molecules are closer together. The proximity results in collisions with less force and lower air pressure.

"Our data demonstrate that osteoarthritic patients experience increased joint pain in response to a decrease in pressure, indicating that low atmospheric pressure conditions exacerbate joint pain in these patients."

Here's a better article that'll help explain the phenomenon (attached)


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on Jun 2, 2019
I would like to know on how lower air pressure cause joint swelling or tenderness, and related to inflammatory. 

Furthermore, how do the air pressure effects on sleeping cycle?
“Our head is made up of pockets of air that we call sinuses. Usually, those pockets of air are at equilibrium with the atmospheric pressure. When there’s a change in that atmospheric pressure, it creates a change in what you’re experiencing in your head and what’s going on in the air around you. That shift is a Migraine trigger.”
https://migraineagain.com/feel-4-ways-barometric-pressure-affects-health/

Is there any related articles talking about this issue?
Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

Post Merge: 4 years ago

“In addition to cold weather, blood pressure may also be affected by a sudden change in weather patterns, such as a weather front or a storm,” said Dr. Sheps. “Your body — and blood vessels — may react to abrupt changes in humidity, atmospheric pressure, cloud cover or wind in much the same way it reacts to cold.”

I would like to know on how blood pressure is affected by a sudden change in weather patterns as well.

Post Merge: 4 years ago

When the pressure drops during a cold front, it causes the viscosity, or thickness, of the blood to increase, said Jennifer Vanos, assistant professor in geosciences at Texas Tech, in an interview with Weather.com.(3).
“Diabetics will have more trouble controlling their blood sugar during cold fronts,” she said.

Rapidly dropping blood sugar could also trigger a Migraine attack. Reactive hypoglycemiais when your blood sugar falls quickly, and it usually happens when the sugar rush from high carb or high glucose foods wears off. It’s one of the least understood, but very real, Migraine triggers.

Dropping pressure causes the viscosity, or thickness of the blood to increase, I would like to know on how dropping pressure relates to rapidly dropping blood sugar.
Post Merge: 4 years ago

“It could be that barometric pressure affects the viscosity of the fluid that lines joint sacs, or it could be that it triggers the pain responses in the nerve endings of the joint. "
Post Merge: 4 years ago

"When the pressure is about to change during the day, he becomes very nervous, distressed and uncomfortable."
https://magicvalley.com/news/local/community/barometric-pressure-changes-cause-sleepless-nights/article_bb4c6fd5-fdcf-5c0d-9b2a-c3e721d3510d.html

I would like to know on what cause this feeling during the changing pressure.

Post Merge: 4 years ago

"Some might think rain reduces barometric pressure, prompting people to snooze. Indeed, one study conducted by the Boeing Co. in 2008 - on how pilots are affected by hypoxia - found that lower pressure means less oxygen in the atmosphere, which results in less oxygen in your body, which translates to sluggishness. One of first signs of a lack of oxygen is drowsiness and fatigue"


Post Merge: 4 years ago

"When atmospheric pressure decreases, your blood pressure drops, biometeorologist Jennifer Vanos, P.h.D., said in an interview with weather.com. Low temps cause your blood vessels to narrow, meaning on the whole, blood pressure is lower in the summer."

When atmospheric pressure decrease, I would like to confirm on whether blood pressure drops or raise under this situation.


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: ryann on Jun 2, 2019
Researchers aren’t entirely sure why people experience more pain during certain weather conditions, but pain has been shown to affect sleep in numerous studies.  I think it's mainly depends on the person diet.  However, Changes in weather, which cause changes in atmospheric pressure, can be reflected in blood pressure fluctuations. For example your blood pressure drops when the barometric pressure drops which might cause headache due to pressure difference between the atmosphere and the air-filled sinuses. The problem is exacerbated when the sinuses are congested or blocked for any reason.

changes in barometric pressure and ambient temperature and changes in knee pain severity. Low barometric pressure has a direct effect on blood pressure, and the ability for blood to absorb oxygen.


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on Jun 2, 2019
  changes in barometric pressure and ambient temperature and changes in knee pain severity. Low barometric pressure has a direct effect on blood pressure, and the ability for blood to absorb oxygen.

Could you please describe more on how barometric pressure effect on blood pressure, and the ability for blood to absorb oxygen?

 Do you have any suggestions?
Thanks everyone very much for any suggestions
Post Merge: 4 years ago

"Changes in weather, which cause changes in atmospheric pressure, can be reflected in blood pressure fluctuations. According to a study published in the Journal of Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy in 2001, changes in air pressure do result in changes in blood pressure. This study, titled: "Close Association Between Day-to-day Fluctuation of Atmospheric Pressure and Blood Pressure", studied over 400 individuals, concluding that there was a correlation between the fluctuations of the atmospheric pressure, and blood pressure readings on a day-to-day basis."

I would like to know on how the fluctuations of the atmospheric pressure effects on blood pressure as well.

Post Merge: 4 years ago

"in the presence of stronger wind and higher relative humidity, low-frequency electric currents and atmospheric pressure fluctuations negatively affect human physiological state and increase blood pressure, thus increasing the risk of the need for emergency medical assistance. In hypertensive patients, higher blood pressure values were observed on cyclonic days: an increase in blood pressure followed a sudden day-to-day change of the weather pattern going from anti-cyclonic to cyclonic days"
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4377922/

More information relate to this issue.


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bio_man on Jun 3, 2019
Quote
I would like to know on how lower air pressure cause joint swelling or tenderness, and related to inflammatory.

Scientific data on this matter is at best inconsistent, because it's hard to pinpoint whether it's barometric pressure, humidity, temperature, etc. that's causing the symptoms experienced.

The best study I found regarding this is attached in my post. Mind you, I couldn't find any article explaining why these symptoms occur from a biological standpoint. All the research done are correlational studies.

The best unproven explanation I could find is that low pressure causes your tendons, muscles, and any scar tissue to expand and contract, and that can create pain in joints affected by arthritis. Low temperatures can also make the fluid inside joints thicker, so they feel stiffer. In addition, you might also feel more pain when the weather keeps you from moving around as much as you typically do. People tend to stay indoors and lounge around more when it’s cold and rainy outside, and inactive joints can get stiff and painful.

Hope this helps! Now time to answer the other questions you asked.


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bio_man on Jun 3, 2019
Quote
Furthermore, how do the air pressure effects on sleeping cycle?

The sleep–wake cycle is regulated by a circadian process that is independent of prior sleep or wake time and is controlled by an internal biological clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus deep within the brain. Pressure and humidity may play as a factor externally, contributing to our comfort prior to- or during our sleep, but biologically it wouldn't interfere with our cells making the appropriate chemicals to ignite the sleep-wake. For instance, I like sleep with a light blanket over my body. If the blanket is too heavy, my body overheats causing me to wake up and adjust my sleep position.


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on Jun 4, 2019
“Our head is made up of pockets of air that we call sinuses. Usually, those pockets of air are at equilibrium with the atmospheric pressure. When there’s a change in that atmospheric pressure, it creates a change in what you’re experiencing in your head and what’s going on in the air around you. That shift is a Migraine trigger.”

During fluctuations of air pressure, I would like to know on how we feel under this conditions and what happen to blood’s pressure and viscosity.

Do you have any suggestions?
Thanks everyone very much for any suggestions
Post Merge: 4 years ago

Referring to following articles, I would like to know on what happen when blood pressure fluctuations within body,

Do you find any related materials about this issue?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)


"Deep water diving can cause extreme changes in blood pressure levels. The amount of atmospheric pressure is increased dramatically, due to the pressure exerted by the water over the swimmer. This increased pressure forces an increase of blood pressure, which can be extremely dangerous to anyone with high blood pressure. Individuals with blood pressure problems should consult their physician prior to any deep water diving excursion, to avoid serious risks to their health.

The effect of atmospheric pressure can be seen in reverse, by studying astronauts. These individuals spend long periods of time in space, without gravity, and the pressure exerted by the atmosphere. The greater the length of time spent outside of the Earth's atmosphere, the more likely that the astronaut will experience fainting episodes upon their return to Earth. It is theorized that the increased atmosphere puts a higher demand on the heart and it cannot keep up, which makes the blood pressure lower, which results in fainting. Further studies and reviews are still necessary to fully understand this phenomenon.

Changes in weather, which cause changes in atmospheric pressure, can be reflected in blood pressure fluctuations. According to a study published in the Journal of Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy in 2001, changes in air pressure do result in changes in blood pressure. This study, titled: "Close Association Between Day-to-day Fluctuation of Atmospheric Pressure and Blood Pressure", studied over 400 individuals, concluding that there was a correlation between the fluctuations of the atmospheric pressure, and blood pressure readings on a day-to-day basis."
https://healthfully.com/atmospheric-pressure-affect-blood-pressure-5402542.html


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bio_man on Jun 4, 2019
Hi oem7110 (https://biology-forums.com/index.php?action=profile;u=94679)

Quote
During fluctuations of air pressure, I would like to know on how we feel under this conditions and what happen to blood’s pressure and viscosity.

To answer what happens to the blood as barometric pressures vary, we need to look at how the blood changes at varying altitudes. That said, it has been found that the amount of haemoglobin in blood increases at high altitude (low pressure environments) -- physiological changes to the body based on the climate is called acclimation. Increasing the amount of haemoglobin in the blood increases the amount of oxygen that can be carried. However, there is a downside: when there is too much haemoglobin, blood becomes sticky and viscous (thicker) and it is harder for the heart to pump the blood around the body. This happens in chronic mountain sickness. A higher viscosity indicates that the medium is thick flowing; a lower viscosity that it is thin flowing.

Let me know if you have any follow up questions...


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on Jun 4, 2019
Under low pressure environments, blood becomes sticky and viscous (thicker), so heart beat increase and people easily get rheumatic diseases and Migraine trigger, because lacking of oxygen, would it be the root cause?  Do drinking more water help to dilute the blood under this situation? but problem is still no solved, because of lacking oxygen and heart would need to pump harder and harder, would it be correct?

During this low pressure period, I feel harder to do jogging on this period, would aerobic exercise be recommended? such as jogging.

Furthermore, I would like to know on how changing pressure (from high to low and then from low to high again within a day) affects on viscous as well, how do body handle the amount of haemoglobin in blood within body under this situation?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)






Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bio_man on Jun 4, 2019
Water is certainly recommended at higher altitudes. At higher altitudes (very low pressure), sweat evaporates quickly and you may not realize how much water you are losing through exertion. The lower oxygen levels also make you breathe in and out faster and more deeply, so that you lose more water through respiration. IN FACT, you lose water through respiration at high altitude twice as quickly as you do at sea level. High altitude can also make you need to urinate more often, putting you at even greater risk of dehydration.

rheumatic diseases

What do you mean by "rheumatic" disease, are you referencing the autoimmune disease known as rheumatoid arthritis?

Let me address this first before the follow up question ^^


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on Jun 4, 2019
I would like to know on how lower air pressure cause joint swelling or tenderness, and related to inflammatory. 

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

"Our data demonstrate that osteoarthritic patients experience increased joint pain in response to a decrease in pressure, indicating that low atmospheric pressure conditions exacerbate joint pain in these patients."
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15633634


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bio_man on Jun 4, 2019
I replied this question on page 1 of this thread

https://biology-forums.com/index.php?topic=1926319.msg4972117#msg4972117


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on Jun 4, 2019
Referring to following articles, I would like to know on what cause inflammation within body, would lacking oxygen be the root cause?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)


"Arthritis is a painful inflammation and stiffness of the joints. A chronic pain disorder afflicting some 19 million adult Americans, arthritis is the leading cause of disability in the US. The most common types are osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but arthritis comprises more than 100 other inflammatory diseases and conditions, including fibromyalgia, gout, and lupus.

The definitive causes of arthritis are unknown. In osteoarthritis, or degenerative joint disease, the cartilage, surrounding tissue, and bone may be destroyed by physical wear, infection, or aging. In rheumatoid arthritis, a faulty immune response may cause inflammation that erodes the joint linings called synovial membranes. There is no cure for arthritis. Many people with arthritis successfully manage or improve their quality of life with physical therapy, exercise, weight control, and medications.

International studies are finding that hyperbaric oxygen therapy is markedly superior to the routine treatment of RA. In 1995, the Proceedings of the Eleventh International Congress on Hyperbaric Medicine published the results of one particular study. These results indicated the following effects of hyperbaric oxygen on the disease."

https://www.o2oasis.com/internationally-treated-conditions/rheumatoid-arthritis/


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bio_man on Jun 5, 2019
Arthritis / rheumatoid arthritis are autoimmune diseases. Autoimmune diseases are a broad range of related diseases in which a person's immune system produces an inappropriate response against its own cells, tissues and/or organs. This disorder is NOT influenced by external factors. The inflammation is caused by the immune system cells, but the specific cells I'd have to research.


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on Jun 5, 2019
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is being used to treat RA, Somehow lacking oxygen is related to a painful inflammation and stiffness of the joints. Would it be the right direction?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bio_man on Jun 5, 2019
It could reduce the symptoms of RA, but it doesn't cure it. The most effective treatment are immunosuppressive drugs. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment is used by athletes to recover faster after a workout; saturating your muscles with oxygen demotes the formation of lactic acid or hypoxia induced inflammation originating from active muscle cells.

The study in which you're likely referring to suppressed the elevation of circulating macrophages -- from what I remember, macrophages aren't responsible for the inflammatory response. I like the idea of using an external source, like oxygen, rather than medicine that can potentially harm the host. Do you have RA? Have you tried it?

Source Hyperbaric oxygen reduces inflammation, oxygenates injured muscles, and regenerates skeletal muscle via macrophages and satellite cell activation


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on Jun 5, 2019
hypoxia induced inflammation originating from active muscle cells.

I would like to know more about how hypoxia induced inflammation originating from active muscle cells, do you find any related articles talking about this issue?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bio_man on Jun 5, 2019
Apologies, I confused "contused" with "active". I meant to say "contused muscle" -- meaning injured. For that, you can use this source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-19670-x


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on Jun 5, 2019
Since RA often occur under Low atmospheric pressure, I would like to know on how macrophage relate to inflammation under this environment as comparing with high pressure environment.  Would macrophage be more active under Low atmospheric pressure?

 Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestion


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bio_man on Jun 5, 2019
Do you have a source suggesting that RA flares occur under low atmospheric pressure?


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on Jun 5, 2019
Osteoarthritic patients experience increased joint pain in response to a decrease in pressure, pain come from inflammation.

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

"Our data demonstrate that osteoarthritic patients experience increased joint pain in response to a decrease in pressure, indicating that low atmospheric pressure conditions exacerbate joint pain in these patients."
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15633634

"Arthritis is a painful inflammation and stiffness of the joints. A chronic pain disorder afflicting some 19 million adult Americans, arthritis is the leading cause of disability in the US. The most common types are osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but arthritis comprises more than 100 other inflammatory diseases and conditions, including fibromyalgia, gout, and lupus."
https://www.o2oasis.com/internationally-treated-conditions/rheumatoid-arthritis/



Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bio_man on Jun 5, 2019
Ok, thanks for providing those excerpts. Are you aware that RA and OA and different diseases? RA is an autoimmune disease, while osteoarthritis is a degenerative condition that happens as a result of physical wear and tears. Therefore, what is written here cannot be correlated with RA, so your statement (below) doesn't hold true:

Quote
Since RA often occur under Low atmospheric pressure, I would like to know on how macrophage relate to inflammation under this environment as comparing with high pressure environment.  Would macrophage be more active under Low atmospheric pressure?


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on Jun 6, 2019
Rewording my question: Under lower atmospheric pressure, I would like to know on why Osteoarthritic patients experience increased joint pain, but they don't feel pain under higher atmospheric pressure.

Do you have any suggestions on what cause the pain?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

Post Merge: 4 years ago

Do you find any related materials on what cause the pain?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)


Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bolbol on Jun 7, 2019
Because decreases in barometric pressure that trigger arthritis pain. A drop in barometric pressure could cause tissues that are inflamed by arthritis to expand even more, thereby aggravating the pain. This would support claims by people that their arthritis symptoms worsen when it’s cold, rainy or damp outside.

Not all studies show an association between barometric pressure and arthritis. Some suggest that barometric pressure has little or no effect on joint symptoms in people with arthritis, but many of these studies are small and believed to be flawed, according to experts who still believe that barometric pressure plays a role in arthritis pain.


it’s hard to draw any solid conclusions about arthritis and barometric pressure and the effect one has on the other. It may depend upon the type of arthritis a person has – whether it’s osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. There’s also the possibility that mental outlook has something to do with it. Barometric pressure drops in cold, damp weather are conditions that could make a person feel “down" and, possibly, more aware of their symptoms. The other possibility is the effects of barometric pressure on arthritis symptoms vary with the individual.



Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: oemBiology on Jun 7, 2019
Do you find any related articles on how lacking of oxygen trigger inflammation?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thanks, to everyone very much for any suggestions (^v^)



Title: Re: How do atmospheric pressure effect on UV?
Post by: bio_man on Jun 8, 2019
Rewording my question: Under lower atmospheric pressure, I would like to know on why Osteoarthritic patients experience increased joint pain, but they don't feel pain under higher atmospheric pressure.

As mentioned by bolbol, clinical results are conflicting due to inconsistencies. These results cannot be replicated under the same conditions all the time, so scientifically it's hard to make a conclusion. Any explanations are purely hypothetically. Also, equally important to mention is that most are cohort studies, not providing biological explanations.

Quote from: bolbol
Not all studies show an association between barometric pressure and arthritis. Some suggest that barometric pressure has little or no effect on joint symptoms in people with arthritis, but many of these studies are small and believed to be flawed, according to experts who still believe that barometric pressure plays a role in arthritis pain.

Do you find any related articles on how lacking of oxygen trigger inflammation? Do you have any suggestions? Thanks, to everyone very much for any suggestions (^v^)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3930928/ This article explains the correlation between the two

Let us know what you find or if you have any follow up questions.