Biology Forums - Study Force

anyone have the answers?
THANKS

Table 1:  Please complete this information in the area below BEFORE actually completing the virtual activity; you can then refer to it to help make the correct selections at each step.  Remember to use the “Genetic Code Chart” to determine the protein sequence:

“Mutation Rule” states:  _____________________________ ______________

Original Sequence:   

                                                                           
   
mRNA
                     
 
Protein           

Mutated Sequence:   

                                                                              
   
mRNA
                     

Protein


Questions:

1.    What are the causes and effects of  silent mutations?



2.    What are the causes and effects of a frameshift mutation?





3.    A stop codon is:






4.    The codon “CUG” specifies which amino acid?






5.    If the DNA sequence “AUGGGACCUCCU” was changed to “AUGGGAAACCUCCU” this would result in:

A codon is a group of three bases - A, T, C, or G - and codes for a single amino acid, the building blocks of proteins. A stop codon tells the cell's machinery that it has reached the end of the protein and should stop translating the code. Stop codons come in three different forms - TGA, TAG, and TAA.

(http://www.tritechresearch.com/shop//images/aachart.gif)

According to this, it's Leu, so leucine.

Old:  AUGGGACCUCCU
New: AUGGGAAACCUCCU

Those two nucleotides were added, so everything translated after the second amino acid in the peptide chain will be wrong. The protein may not fold correctly and will most likely be useless to the cell.

A frameshift mutation is caused by the addition or loss of a nucleotide, or nucleotides. This will cause the protein to be translated with different amino acids, rendering the protein useless in most cases (won't fold properly).

Silent mutations are caused by a point mutation and have no effect of the function because they code for the same amino acid.

Good luck!

can you explain how to find the nitrogen base sequence of the strand of M-RNA read from the master strand of DNA.  AATGCCAGTGGTTCGCAC
7. Write the protein section (amino acid chain) that result from this dna master strand
8. If the seventh nucleotide in the original strand of dna were changed from a to t, what would the resulting new m-rna be.
9. write the protein fragement amino acid chain that results from the dna moleucule describe in #8
10. draw a circle around the amino acid in # 9 that changed as a result of the mutation described in #8
11. name the type of mutation described in # 8,9, and 10