Cell Biology

In 1884, Hans Christian Gram described a method of staining bacterial cells whil

In 1884, Hans Christian Gram described a method of staining bacterial cells whil

In 1884, Hans Christian Gram described a method of staining bacterial cells while not staining surrounding animal tissues. However, he thought that the staining method he developed was faulty because not all bacteria stained. In a letter to the edito

colleen   5335   N/A

colleen

What is the importance of a phospholipid bilayer to living cells? Where is it in

What is the importance of a phospholipid bilayer to living cells? Where is it in

What is the importance of a phospholipid bilayer to living cells? Where is it in prokaryotic cells?

colleen   1786   N/A

colleen

Compare and contrast gram-positive and gram-negative cell walls with regard to (

Compare and contrast gram-positive and gram-negative cell walls with regard to (

Compare and contrast gram-positive and gram-negative cell walls with regard to (a) sensitivity to antimicrobial agents, (b) resistance to phagocytosis, (c) chemical composition, and (d) decolorization by alcohol.

colleen   5087   N/A

colleen

Compare and contrast photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation.

Compare and contrast photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation.

Compare and contrast photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation.

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colleen

Rhodopseudomonas is an anaerobic photoautotroph that uses organic compounds as a

Rhodopseudomonas is an anaerobic photoautotroph that uses organic compounds as a

Rhodopseudomonas is an anaerobic photoautotroph that uses organic compounds as an electron donor. It is also capable of chemoheterotrophic metabolism. Diagram the metabolic pathways of this bacterium.

colleen   4062   N/A

colleen

Differentiate the following two laboratory tests: starch hydrolysis and starch f

Differentiate the following two laboratory tests: starch hydrolysis and starch f

Differentiate the following two laboratory tests: starch hydrolysis and starch fermentation.

colleen   4562   N/A

colleen

Streptococcus lacks an electron transport chain. How does this bacterium reoxidi

Streptococcus lacks an electron transport chain. How does this bacterium reoxidi

Streptococcus lacks an electron transport chain. How does this bacterium reoxidize NADH? Where is the NADH formed?

colleen   3125   N/A

colleen

Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci ("the flesh-eating bacteria") rapidly spread

Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci ("the flesh-eating bacteria") rapidly spread

Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci ("the flesh-eating bacteria") rapidly spread through the human body by digesting the hyaluronic acid between cells. Label the bacterial plasma membrane shown below to illustrate digestion of the polysacch

colleen   2308   N/A

colleen

Inhibition of some small RNA will lead to the spread of cancer

Inhibition of some small RNA will lead to the spread of cancer

From Taiwan National Yang Ming University, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, etc. The researchers published BLNK  an article entitled "RAC1 the activation mediates Twist1-induced cancer cell, migration", found that one kind of microRNA

yoxi5236   750   N/A

yoxi5236

Antipsychotics may be Alzheimer's patients with myocardial infarction

Antipsychotics may be Alzheimer's patients with myocardial infarction

From Chicago, Illinois, a new study shows that antipsychotic drugs for CASP2 the treatment ofAlzheimer's patients with behavioral symptoms increase in myocardial infarctionincidence, especially in the application of the first month.One retrospect

yoxi5236   708   N/A

yoxi5236

Short-term HIV treatment may be deferred until the start time of the long-term t

Short-term HIV treatment may be deferred until the start time of the long-term t

Recently, published online in PLoS Medicine, a randomized clinical trial results that CASP7 the initial HIV-infected patients given short-term combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) to postpone the long-term cART the start. At present, only when the

yoxi5236   689   N/A

yoxi5236

A patient with a heart pacemaker received antibiotic therapy for streptococcal b

A patient with a heart pacemaker received antibiotic therapy for streptococcal b

A patient with a heart pacemaker received antibiotic therapy for streptococcal bacteremia (bacteria in the blood). One month later, he was treated for recurrence of the bacteremia. When he returned 6 weeks later, again with bacteremia, the physician

barry   2275   N/A

barry

Assume that you are responsible for decontaminating materials in a large hospita

Assume that you are responsible for decontaminating materials in a large hospita

Assume that you are responsible for decontaminating materials in a large hospital. How would you sterilize each of the following? Briefly justify your answers.
a.   A mattress used by a patient with bubonic plague.
b.   Intravenous glucose-sa

barry   4409   N/A

barry

Pseudomonas syringae is found naturally in the soil. Sold as Snomax, it is used

Pseudomonas syringae is found naturally in the soil. Sold as Snomax, it is used

Pseudomonas syringae is found naturally in the soil. Sold as Snomax, it is used to make snow at ski resorts. The same bacterium with a gene deletion (Ice-minus) is used to prevent ice formation on plants. Should Snomax and Ice-minus be considered mod

barry   4064   N/A

barry

Use the information given in Table 10.3 to answer questions (a) and (b). Note t

Use the information given in Table 10.3 to answer questions (a) and (b). Note t

Use the information given in Table 10.3 to answer questions (a) and (b).  Note to instructors:  A=Pseudomonas; B=Escherichia; C=Staphylococcus; D=Neisseria; E=Alcaligenes.
a.   Which organisms are most closely related? On what did you ba

barry   2986   N/A

barry

Provide a reason to classify bacteria.

Provide a reason to classify bacteria.

Provide a reason to classify bacteria.

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barry

Why was it previously believed that only DNA viruses could cause cancer? How can

Why was it previously believed that only DNA viruses could cause cancer? How can

Why was it previously believed that only DNA viruses could cause cancer? How can RNA viruses cause cancer?

barry   1898   N/A

barry

Antibiotics can kill gram-negative bacteria, but symptoms of fever and low blood

Antibiotics can kill gram-negative bacteria, but symptoms of fever and low blood

Antibiotics can kill gram-negative bacteria, but symptoms of fever and low blood pressure can persist. Why?

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barry

Why is diagnosis of botulism difficult?

Why is diagnosis of botulism difficult?

Why is diagnosis of botulism difficult?

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barry

Explain how each of the following avoids being killed by phagocytes. a.Streptoc

Explain how each of the following avoids being killed by phagocytes. a.Streptoc

Explain how each of the following avoids being killed by phagocytes.
a.   Streptococcus pneumoniae
b.   Mycobacterium tuberculosis
c.   Streptococcus pyogenes
d.   Shigella dysenteriae

barry   2415   N/A

barry

A patient consulted a physician for symptoms that included a swollen toe, a red

A patient consulted a physician for symptoms that included a swollen toe, a red

A patient consulted a physician for symptoms that included a swollen toe, a red streak along his ankle, and enlarged lymph nodes in his groin. Explain the cause of these symptoms.

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barry

Differentiate type II from type III hypersensitivity reactions.

Differentiate type II from type III hypersensitivity reactions.

Differentiate type II from type III hypersensitivity reactions.

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barry

Discuss why penicillin was called the "miracle drug" when it was first used in t

Discuss why penicillin was called the "miracle drug" when it was first used in t

Discuss why penicillin was called the "miracle drug" when it was first used in the 1940s.

barry   3036   N/A

barry

A teenaged boy knew an over-the-counter cortisone preparation would decrease the

A teenaged boy knew an over-the-counter cortisone preparation would decrease the

A teenaged boy knew an over-the-counter cortisone preparation would decrease the swelling and redness of insect bites and poison ivy, so he used it to decrease the swelling and redness of pimples. Why, in 24 hours, were his pimples more inflamed?

barry   721   N/A

barry

On June 1, a 32-year-old hiker was bitten by a tick. After 1 week, he noticed an

On June 1, a 32-year-old hiker was bitten by a tick. After 1 week, he noticed an

On June 1, a 32-year-old hiker was bitten by a tick. After 1 week, he noticed an erythrematous ring at the location of the bite. Four weeks later, a physician found a large, macular, centrifugally spreading ring. During the next month, it expanded to

barry   2446   N/A

barry

Escherichia coli is normally in the large intestines of humans. How can this bac

Escherichia coli is normally in the large intestines of humans. How can this bac

Escherichia coli is normally in the large intestines of humans. How can this bacterium be the etiologic agent of most cases of traveler's diarrhea?

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barry

Nearly 70% of the patients seen in STI clinics are men. a.Offer a reason men ar

Nearly 70% of the patients seen in STI clinics are men. a.Offer a reason men ar

Nearly 70% of the patients seen in STI clinics are men.
a.   Offer a reason men are more likely to seek treatment than women.
b.   Why is it important that women seek treatment for STIs?

barry   2758   N/A

barry

Why are the unreported cases of STIs an important public health concern?

Why are the unreported cases of STIs an important public health concern?

Why are the unreported cases of STIs an important public health concern?

barry   2473   N/A

barry

How can you avoid contracting the following diseases?

How can you avoid contracting the following diseases?

How can you avoid contracting the following diseases?
a.   Trichinellosis
b.   Hydatidosis
c.   Tapeworm infestations
d.   Staphylococcal food poisoning
e.   Traveler's diarrhea
f.   Giardiasis

barry   508   N/A

barry

What is the effect of discharging primary-treated sewage on the BOD and dissolve

What is the effect of discharging primary-treated sewage on the BOD and dissolve

What is the effect of discharging primary-treated sewage on the BOD and dissolved O2 (DO) of the receiving body of water? What is the effect of secondary-treated sewage on the BOD and DO?

barry   2300   N/A

barry

A newspaper headline reported "Algal Bloom Kills Fish." a.What actually caused

A newspaper headline reported "Algal Bloom Kills Fish." a.What actually caused

A newspaper headline reported "Algal Bloom Kills Fish."
a.   What actually caused fish death, given that the algae were not toxic?
b.   What could have caused the algal bloom?

barry   2560   N/A

barry

Why would a farmer purchase Rhizobium? Bacillus thuringiensis?

Why would a farmer purchase Rhizobium? Bacillus thuringiensis?

Why would a farmer purchase Rhizobium? Bacillus thuringiensis?

barry   2404   N/A

barry

Most of the world's population relies on wheat for food. Research is being condu

Most of the world's population relies on wheat for food. Research is being condu

Most of the world's population relies on wheat for food. Research is being conducted to produce wheat with a higher protein content. Design a biotechnological approach to improving the amino acid content of wheat.

barry   882   N/A

barry

Worldwide, which disease is the most serious public health threat: malaria, Chag

Worldwide, which disease is the most serious public health threat: malaria, Chag

Worldwide, which disease is the most serious public health threat: malaria, Chagas’ disease, or brucellosis? Explain why, and provide a plan to reduce the incidence of the disease.

barry   4258   N/A

barry

On August 20, a man died of presumed Guillain-Barré syndrome. Within 90 minutes

On August 20, a man died of presumed Guillain-Barré syndrome. Within 90 minutes

On August 20, a man died of presumed Guillain-Barré syndrome. Within 90 minutes of his death, his eyes were removed and refrigerated. The following day, a cornea from one eye was transplanted into the right eye of a woman. The woman's postoperat

barry   1113   N/A

barry

A 56-year-old Army officer received a smallpox vaccination at a military vaccina

A 56-year-old Army officer received a smallpox vaccination at a military vaccina

A 56-year-old Army officer received a smallpox vaccination at a military vaccination clinic. Within 2 weeks, a painful ulcer was noted at the vaccination site. Because of the appearance of an increasing number of peripheral lesions and because of con

barry   1709   N/A

barry

Simian immune deficiency disease is caused by a virus that is closely related to

Simian immune deficiency disease is caused by a virus that is closely related to

Simian immune deficiency disease is caused by a virus that is closely related to HIV. This disease occurs naturally in African monkeys only. A primate center that raises Rhesus monkeys found an immunodeficiency disease in its Indian Rhesus monkeys. P

barry   1336   N/A

barry

What is desensitization? Explain how this treatment can induce systemic anaphyla

What is desensitization? Explain how this treatment can induce systemic anaphyla

What is desensitization? Explain how this treatment can induce systemic anaphylaxis. How is systemic anaphylaxis treated?

barry   1540   N/A

barry

The ratio of CD4:CD8 is 2.0 in normal individuals. What can you conclude if a pa

The ratio of CD4:CD8 is 2.0 in normal individuals. What can you conclude if a pa

The ratio of CD4:CD8 is 2.0 in normal individuals. What can you conclude if a patient has a CD4:CD8 ratio of 0.5?

barry   1106   N/A

barry

Explain the ELISA test to detect the presence of HIV antibodies in a patient.

Explain the ELISA test to detect the presence of HIV antibodies in a patient.

Explain the ELISA test to detect the presence of HIV antibodies in a patient.

barry   1367   N/A

barry