Which of the following is/are cause(s) of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis? 1. Hyperalimentation 2. Methanol intoxication 3. Severe diarrhea 4. NH4Cl administration
a. 2 only
b. 1 and 4 only
c. 1, 3, and 4 only
d. 1, 2, 3, and 4
Q. 2 What explains the lack of an increased anion gap seen in metabolic acidosis caused by HCO3 loss?
a. For each HCO3 ion lost, a Cl ion is reab-sorbed by the kidney.
b. For each HCO3 ion lost, the body pro-duces another to replace it.
c. HCO3 is not a measured anion, so its loss does not affect the anion gap.
d. Replacement of HCO3 occurs by ammo-nia ions which are also anions.
Q. 3 A patient has an anion gap of 21 mEq/L. Based on this information, what can you conclude?
1. There is an abnormal excess of unmeasured anions in the plasma.
2. The patient probably has metabolic acidosis.
3. The concentration of fixed acids is decreased.
a. 2 only
b. 1 and 2 only
c. 1 and 3 only
d. 3 only
Q. 4 What are some causes of metabolic acidosis with an increased anion gap? 1. Diarrhea 2. Ketoacidosis 3. Lactic acidosis 4. Renal failure
a. 2 and 3 only
b. 2 and 4 only
c. 2, 3, and 4 only
d. 1, 3, and 4 only
Q. 5 A patient who has fully compensated respiratory acidosis becomes severely hypoxic. If her lungs are not too severely compromised, what might her gases now appear to be?
a. Fully compensated metabolic acidosis
b. Fully compensated metabolic alkalosis
c. Fully compensated respiratory alkalosis
d. No change
Q. 6 What condition or treatment could cause iatrogenic respiratory alkalosis?
a. Central nervous system stimulation
b. Mechanical hyperventilation
c. Severe hypoxemia
d. Vagal stimulation
Q. 7 Metabolic acidosis may be caused by: 1. an increase in fixed (nonvolatile) acids. 2. an increase in blood carbon dioxide (CO2). 3. excessive loss of bicarbonate (HCO3).
a. 1 only
b. 1 and 2 only
c. 1, 2, and 3
d. 1 and 3 only
Quick Reply
