Evidence of placebo effects is strongest in studies of ______.
a. pain c. diabetes
b. depression d. arthritis
Question 2Changes in the environment that increase the frequency of the preceding behavior are
called ______.
a. operants c. reinforcers
b. stimuli d. fixations
Question 3Evidence suggests that the effects of placebos are ______.
a. extremely strong c. generally strong
b. generally weak d. nonexistent
Question 4The person most closely associated with operant conditioning is ______.
a. Watson c. Pavlov
b. Skinner d. Bandura
Question 5In ______ conditioning, organisms learn to emit behaviors because of the behavior's
consequences.
a. operant c. aversive
b. classical d. reactive
Question 6Double-blind studies control for _______.
a. neither subjects' nor experimenters' expectations
b. subjects' but not experimenters' expectations
c. experimenters' but not subjects' expectations
d. both subjects' and experimenters' expectations
Question 7In the Little Albert study, an 11-month-old boy was taught to fear a rat through ______.
a. observational learning c. cognitive retraining
b. classical conditioning d. operant conditioning
Question 8Single-blind experiments control for ______.
a. neither subjects' nor experimenters' expectations
b. subjects' but not experimenters' expectations
c. experimenters' but not subjects' expectations
d. both subjects' and experimenters' expectations
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