Part A - The Vocabulary of the Small Intestine
Before exploring the processes that occur in the small intestine, you must be able to use the small intestine’s vocabulary effectively. In this activity, match the correct term with the sentence that describes the structure of the small intestine.
Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right. Not all vocabulary terms will be used to complete the sentences.
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brush border
villi
jejunum
enterocytes
ileum
ileocecal valve
capillaries
circular folds
microvilli
pyloric sphincter
duodenum
lacteal
1. The three structural features of the small intestine that increase its surface area are the , the villi, and the microvilli.
2. The finger-like projections that cover the circular folds of the small intestine and contribute to the increased surface area of the small intestine are called .
3. The absorptive cells that line the wall of the intestine are called .
4. The hair-like projections that cover the surface of an enterocyte and contribute to the increased surface area of the small intestine are called .
5. The collective term for the carpet of microvilli that covers the enterocytes of the small intestine is the .
6. Each villus contains a lymphatic vessel called a that absorbs fat-soluble nutrients into the lymph fluid.
7. The tiny blood vessels located in each villus that absorb water-soluble nutrients into the bloodstream are .
8. The first section of small intestine, receiving chyme from the stomach, is called the .
9. The middle portion of the small intestine is called the .
10. The last portion, or segment, of the small intestine is called the .
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Part B - Structure of the Villi
The specialized structure of the villi allows for efficient absorption of digested nutrients, which are then transported throughout the body. Review the accompanying figure and label the fields accordingly.
Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Note that not all labels will be used.
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lacteal
lacteal
villi
villi
enterocyte
enterocyte
capillaries
capillaries
brush border
brush border
microvilli
microvilli
circular folds
circular folds
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Part C - Secretions That Aid in Digestion within the Small Intestine
We will now consider the various secretions involved in digestion within the small intestine, including their organ of origin and their functions in digestion. Review the descriptions listed below of the various secretions that aid in digestion within the small intestine. Match the correct secretion with its organ of origin and/or its function.
Drag the appropriate items into their respective bins.
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This secretion is produced
by the liver and stored in
the gallbladder.This enzyme is secreted
by the pancreas and acts
to digest lipids.This enzyme is secreted
by the pancreas and acts
to digest carbohydrates.Secreted by the pancreas,
this secretion acts to
neutralize acids in the chyme.Secreted by the pancreas,
these enzymes act to digest
proteins.This secretion acts to
emulsify fats.
Bile
Pancreatic Lipase
Pancreatic Amylase
Bicarbonate
Proteases
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