Describe the mechanism that controls the formation of the Hawai'ian Islands. Is this island chain ...

The Hawai'ian Islands were formed as a result of a hot spot, the surface expression of a stationary mantle plume. As the Pacific Plate moves in a westerly- northwesterly direction over the hot spot, the high temperatures and rising magma from the plume weaken the crust and form a volcano on the ocean floor. The volcano eventually grows large enough to break the surface of the ocean, becoming a volcanic island. Because the Pacific Plate is moving, the volcanic island eventually is carried away from the source of origin, and a new island forms over the stationary hot spot. Over millions of years, a volcanic island chain is formed. The Emperor Seamounts north of Hawai'i are the oldest remnants of this island chain, and the island of Hawai'i is the youngest. A new island, Loihi, is currently being formed on the ocean floor and will become the next Hawai'ian island in about 30,000 years.

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