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Home Q & A Board Biology-Related Homework Help Medicine Nursing and Clinical
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JustGuilty JustGuilty
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5 years ago
A 77-year-old patient with a history of coronary artery disease and heart failure has arrived in the emergency room with a rapid heart rate and feeling of impending doom.
 
  Based on pathophysiologic principles, the nurse knows the rapid heart rate could
  A)
  decrease renal perfusion and result in the development of ascites.
  B)
  be a result of catecholamines released from SNS that could increase the myocardial oxygen demand.
  C)
  desensitize the -adrenergic receptors leading to increase in norepinephrine levels.
  D)
  prolong the electrical firing from the SA node resulting in the development of a heart block.
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wrote...
#1
5 years ago
Ans:
B

Feedback:

An increase in sympathetic activity by stimulation of the -adrenergic receptors of the heart leads to tachycardia, vasoconstriction, and arrhythmias. Acutely, tachycardia significantly increases the workload of the heart, thus increasing myocardial O2 demand and leading to cardiac ischemia, myocyte damage, and decreased contractility. Decreased renal perfusion would activate the RAA system, increasing heart rate and BP further. Ventricular arrhythmias are primarily seen at this stage of HF.
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