The average time for the stomach to empty after a meal is:

b
The average time for the stomach to empty after a meal
is 46 hours. The rate of emptying of the stomach depends
on the consistency of the chyme, degree of opening of the
pyloric orifice, force of the peristaltic contractions and the
type of food in the stomach.

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d
Cryptorchidism (undescended testes) is associated with
an increased incidence of testicular cancer in later life. Surgical repositioning of the testes is performed at an early age.

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b
Epispadias is the opposite of hypospadias (where the
urethra opens on the underside of the penis). The child is
unable to urinate normally with either condition and will
need surgical intervention.

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b
If hyperglycaemia is not corrected, metabolic acidosis occurs, producing vasodilatation and hypotension. Early
manifestations are thirst, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, muscle cramps, polyuria and drowsiness. Deep rapid
respirations (Kussmaul's breathing) develop in an attempt
to control acidosis. Ketones, produced by the liver as fat,
are broken down instead of glucose (diabetic ketoacidosis),
glucose is excreted in the urine and the breath smells of
ketones (sweet fruity odour).