When the United Nations Security Council authorizes the use of force against a state found to be violating international law, this is an example of
A) extradition enforcement.
B) horizontal enforcement.
C) national enforcement.
D) temporary enforcement.
E) vertical enforcement.
Haiti's woodlands are almost completely gone now because they were destroyed for use as fuel and heat faster than they could be replaced. This is an example of
A) deforestation.
B) desertification.
C) global climate change.
D) pollution.
E) slash-and-burn.
One major problem with horizontal enforcement is that states selectively apply it to benefit friends and strategic allies. This criticism of horizontal enforcement is most consistent with which theoretical approach?
A) Anarchism
B) Feminism
C) Liberalism
D) Marxism
E) Realism
The giant floating garbage dumps in the Pacific Ocean are unlikely to be cleaned up or properly disposed. This best illustrates what concept?
A) The Malthusian Dilemma
B) The Prisoner's Dilemma.
C) The resource curse
D) The time horizon problem
E) the tragedy of the commons
Country X believes that Country Y is violating part of its obligations under a treaty they signed. Country X decides to pull diplomatic representation from Country Y until the issue is resolved. This is an example of what kind of enforcement?
A) Extradition enforcement
B) Horizontal enforcement
C) National enforcement
D) Temporary enforcement
E) Vertical enforcement