The agency that requires health care facilities to provide employees with all devices and mechanisms necessary to protect them from the hazards encountered in the laboratory is:
a. Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC).
b. Occupational Safety and Health Adminis-tration (OSHA).
c. Centers for Disease Control and Preven-tion (CDC).
d. Health Emergency Planning Advisor (HEPA).
Air flow in a microbiology laboratory should be:
a. from lower to higher risk areas.
b. minimized as much as possible.
c. optimized to prevent the settling of dan-gerous aerosols.
d. well-filtered by recirculating it through numerous filters before recycling.
Pathogenic organisms are transmitted through a variety of routes including all of the following except:
a. eating.
b. sexual contact.
c. contaminated food.
d. respiratory droplets.
Following the attachment and invasion of a microorganism, in order to be classified as a disease the microorganism must be capable of:
a. causing inflammation and tissue destruc-tion.
b. creating pain and requiring antibiotic treatment.
c. multiplication and dissemination to deeper tissues.
d. killing the resident microbiota.
The digestive system is considered a natural nonspecific defense system against microorganisms as a result of:
a. the esophagus produces acid that kills mi-croorganisms prior to establishing a ga-strointestinal infection.
b. the peristalsis of the intestines prevents attachment of organisms that are capable of surviving the acidic pH of the stomach.
c. most organisms are resistant to the diges-tion by normal gastrointestinal secretions.
d. the organisms are killed by exposure to saliva and pancreatic secretions before and after leaving the stomach.
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