How can a fusion protein be formed?
A. by removing a portion of the gene, forming a shorter gene and therefore a shorter protein
B. by site-directed mutagenesis, where a fragment is replaced with a synthetic sequence containing the altered DNA sequence
C. by ligating together the sequences of two different genes, creating a new hybrid gene. When expressed, the new gene product is a fusion of the two gene products.
D. by the recombination of two proteins in a bacterial cell to form a new hybrid protein
E. by using oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis to introduce mutations that cause the expressed protein to fuse to other proteins
Szostak and colleagues found that a ribozyme found in the human genome was related to a similar enzyme in human
hepatitis delta virus (HDV). In order to identify this ribozyme, they:
A. searched the published human genome sequence for HDV sequences.
B. searched the published human genome sequence for ribozyme sequences.
C. incubated HDV RNA and evaluated the sample for ribozyme activity.
D. incubated human RNA and evaluated the sample for ribozyme activity.
Telomere sequences:
A. act as binding sites for kinetochore proteins.
B. are AT-rich sequences found at the ends of linear chromosomes.
C. include short repeats that are repeated more than 1,500 times in mammals.
D. are required for naturally occurring, but not artificial, chromosomes.
E. also often serve as origins of replication.
Yeast cells grown in a nutrient-rich medium and then shifted to a medium lacking essential amino acids rapidlyreduce their level of splicing of transcripts for:
A. iron response genes.
B. mating factor genes.
C. AU-rich elements.
D. ribosomal protein genes.
Which of the following is not true of oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis?
A. Two complementary oligonucleotides, each identical in sequence to the cloned gene, are annealed to the opposite strands of the cloned gene.
B. Two complementary oligonucleotides, each with the desired base change, are annealed to the opposite strands of the cloned gene.
C. After repeated cycles of PCR, the mutation containing DNA predominates in the population.
D. Nonmutant template plasmid DNA can be selectively eliminated by cleavage of the methylated template strand.
E. The two annealed mutant DNA strands serve as primers of DNA synthesis in both directions around the plasmid vectors.
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