What is the advantage of a simulation compared to a traditional laboratory study?
a. increased internal validity
b. increased external validity
c. increased reliability
d. elimination of history effects
When sampling, there is the possibility of introducing systematic error, or _______________.
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Where there is a restricted range of values for one of two variables being measured
a. the correlation coefficient will be close to +/- 1.0.
b. the correlation coefficient may be close to zero even if the two variables are related.
c. the correlation coefficient will be negative.
d. the correlation coefficient will be positive.
A design in which a single group of participants is measured repeatedly before and after a treatment is a(n) _____ design.
a. experimental
b. correlational
c. single-group time-series
d. posttest-only
Although field studies tend to have higher external validity that traditional laboratory studies, they also tend to have ____.
a. lower internal validity
b. lower reliability
c. an increased risk of confounding from history effects.
d. an increased risk of finding no effect of the manipulation
In research, _______________ is the process of selecting units for study from a population of interest.
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Which of the following is not true of survey research?
a. It eliminates the problem of reactivity.
b. It is a form of observational research.
c. It provides descriptive data about a population based on a random sample.
d. It can suggest hypotheses that can be tested under more controlled conditions.
Researchers often use simulation experiments in an attempt to obtain the ____ of an experiment and still keep much of the ____ of research conducted in the real world.
a. external validity; internal validity
b. internal validity; external validity
c. experimental realism; mundane realism
d. mundane realism; experimental realism
A design in which a single group of subjects is tested both before and after treatment is a(n) _____ design.
a. correlational
b. single-group posttest-only
c. single-group time-series
d. posttest-only
In considering sample size, the bigger the sample, the greater the ____.
a. power
b. range
c. standard error
d. variance
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