____________ is the integration of the best available research with clinical expertise in the context of patient characteristics, culture, and preferences.
a. Feminist therapy
b. Evidence-based practice
c. Behavior practice
d. Systemic therapy
____________ is based on a medical model of mental illness that defines problems as residing with the individual rather than in society. It does not take into account the political, economic, social, and cultural factors in the lives of clients.
a. The DSM
b. V-codes
c. Confidentiality
d. Informed consent
According to professional ethical principles on testing, it would be unethical for a counselor to:
a. perform testing and assessment services for which they have not been adequately trained.
b. develop, administer, score, interpret, or use assessment procedures that are appropriate for the situation.
c. test within the client's socialized behavioral or cognitive patterns.
d. consider the validity of a given test and interpret data in the context of the cultural characteristics of the client.
Empirical research _________the centrality of the therapeutic relationship as a primary factor contributing to psychotherapy outcomes.
a. downplays
b. exaggerates
c. consistently supports
d. inconsistently supports
It is an ethical, and sometimes legal, obligation of therapists to be mindful that a medical evaluation is many times indicated. Which of the following is NOT a reason to refer for a medical evaluation?
a. Dementia
b. Schizophrenia
c. Manic-depression
d. Marital discord
Which of the following is NOT true concerning therapeutic use of the DSM-5 to diagnose clients?
a. Emphasis is on pathology, deficits, limitations, problems, and symptoms.
b. Rather than using a multiaxial system, a nonaxial documentation of diagnosis has been created.
c. It is based on the assumption that distress in a family or social context is the result of individual pathology.
d. It is based on a systemic approach that views the source of distress as being within the entire system ratherthan on the individual.
Practitioners must have a clear understanding of ______________ and have a sense of the expected outcomes of their interventions.
a. the creativity behind the techniques they employ
b. the client's family members
c. the techniques they employ
d. the client's entire life story
Practitioners who argue AGAINST diagnosis:
a. claim that DSM labels stigmatize people.
b. are likely to be psychoanalytically oriented therapists.
c. often work in community mental health centers.
d. are likely to work for a managed care system.
____________ is a general term covering the process of identifying an emotional or behavioral problem and making a statement about the current status of a client.
a. Medical diagnosis
b. Differential diagnosis
c. Psychodiagnosis
d. Cognitive appraisal
When a counselor works in a managed care system, client's goals need to be:
a. long-term and all encompassing.
b. aimed at character reconstruction.
c. geared toward the client gaining insight into his or her problems and movement toward self-actualization.
d. highly specific, limited to reduction of problematic symptoms, and often aimed at teaching coping skills.
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