When blood pH decreases, which of the following occurs to correct the imbalance?
A. The respiratory center increases the breathing rate.
B. The respiratory center decreases the breathing rate.
C. Less carbon dioxide is expelled from the lungs.
D. More carbon dioxide is expelled from the lungs.
E. The carbonic acid/bicarbonate equation is driven to the right.
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Question 2) What roles does phosphate play in the body?
It is found in the salts of bone and teeth.
It is an important component of several macromolecules
It affects neuromuscular activity.
It is part of an important intracellular buffer system
It affects the action of the sodium-potassium pump.
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Question 3) Sodium homeostasis leads to the homeostasis of ________________.
A. chloride
B. hydrogen
C. calcium
D. potassium
E. magnesium
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Question 4) What hormone regulates potassium levels, and how does it work?
A. Aldosterone; increases secretion of potassium
B. Aldosterone; increases reabsorption of potassium
C. ADH; increases secretion of potassium
D. ADH; increases reabsorption of potassium
E. ANH; increases reabsorption of potassium
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Question 5) Parathyroid hormone increases the activity of ___________ cells in bone and increases the rate of calcium ___________ in the kidney tubules.
A. osteoclast; reabsorption
B. osteoblast; reabsorption
C. osteocyte; reabsorption
D. osteocyte; secretion
E. osteoblast; secretion
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Question 6) Name the ion that commonly serves as a cofactor for intracellular enzymes, such as the sodium-potassium pump.
A. Magnesium
B. Calcium
C. Hydrogen
D. Carbonate
E. Phosphate
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Question 7) Wetting the oral mucosa and stretching the digestive tract will cause ____________ in thirst sensations.
A. a temporary interruption
B. a tremendous increase
C. an increase in blood osmolarity and an increase
D. an increase in blood osmolarity and a decrease
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Question 8) What organ(s) play(s) a role in the excretion of sodium?
Skin
Kidneys
Lungs
Liver
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Question 9) An increase in the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid will trigger a(n) ___________ in the secretion of ADH and a(n) ____________ in thirst.
A. increase; increase
B. increase; decrease
C. decrease; decrease
D. decrease; increase
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Question 10) What cell structure regulates the composition of the intracellular fluid?
A. Plasma membrane
B. Cell wall
C. Endoplasmic reticulum
D. Ribosomes
E. Nucleus