Constriction of the ________ decreases hydrostatic pressure in _________.
A. afferent arterioles, glomerular capillaries
B. efferent arterioles, proximal convoluted tubules
C. renal vein, peritubular capillaries
D. efferent arterioles, glomerular capillaries
E. efferent arterioles, Bowman's capsule
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Question 2) Which is TRUE regarding renal tubular reabsorption?
A. Reabsorption of Na+ from the proximal tubule occurs as a result of water reabsorption.
B. Reabsorption of glucose saturates at a maximum transport rate.
C. Urea reabsorption cannot occur at any point along the nephron.
D. Toxic substances are removed from the body by reabsorption from peritubular capillaries into the proxmial tubule.
E. Reabsorption of Na+ only occurs from nephron regions that come after the descending limb of the loop of Henle.
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Question 3) All of the following substances are present in proximal tubular fluid in the kidney, but which one is NOT normally present in urine?
A. Ca2+
B. H+
C. K+
D. HPO42-
E. glucose
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Question 4) Which one of the following substances is LEAST dependent on the kidney for regulation of its plasma concentration?
A. water
B. Na+
C. K+
D. HPO42-
E. glucose
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Question 5) Which is TRUE about the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
A. It is composed of parts of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle and the efferent arteriole.
B. It is composed of glomerular capillaries and the macula densa.
C. It is the site of renin secretion.
D. It is created by the junction between the proximal tubule and the afferent arteriole.
E. It is composed of cells that secrete atrial natriuretic peptide and cells that secrete norepinephrine.
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Question 6) Which of the following statements concerning the process of glomerular filtration is correct?
A. The hydrostatic pressure in Bowman's space opposes filtration.
B. The glomerular filtration rate is limited by a transport maximum.
C. All of the plasma that enters the glomerular capillaries is filtered.
D. The osmotic force due to plasma proteins favors filtration.
E. The hydrostatic pressure in glomerular capillaries opposes filtration.
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Question 7) Which correctly describes the composition of the glomerular filtrate?
A. It is identical to urine, but has a much smaller flow rate.
B. It is identical to urine, but has a much larger flow rate.
C. It is identical to blood plasma, except it lacks red blood cells.
D. It is highly similar to plasma, except it contains plasma proteins.
E. It is highly similar to plasma, except it does not contain plasma proteins.
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Question 8) Which correctly describes a basic renal process?
A. Fluid is filtered from Bowman's capsule into the glomerulus.
B. Substances are secreted from the tubule into the peritubular capillaries.
C. Substances are reabsorbed from the peritubular capillaries into the tubular lumen.
D. Substances are actively secreted from glomerular capillaries into Bowman's capsule.
E. Fluid moves by bulk flow from glomerular capillaries into Bowman's space.
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Question 9) Which of the following is least likely to be filtered into Bowman's capsule in a normal, healthy person?
A. glucose
B. plasma protein
C. sodium
D. urea
E. bicarbonate ion
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Question 10) The amount of a substance that is excreted in the urine is equal to the amount that is ________ plus the amount that is ________ minus the amount that is ________.
A. filtered; reabsorbed; secreted
B. reabsorbed; filtered; secreted
C. secreted; reabsorbed; filtered
D. filtered; secreted; reabsorbed
E. reabsorbed; secreted; filtered
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