Which of the following is not correct pertaining to the azygos venous system?
A) It drains blood from the posterior walls of the thorax and abdomen.
B) The azygos vein arches superior to the root of the right lung.
C) The hemiazygos vein receives tributaries from the left posterior intercostal veins.
D) It forms an alternate route for venous blood to return to the heart when the inferior vena cava is blocked.
E) The hemiazygos vein arches superior to the root of the left lung.
Ans: E
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Question 2) During surgery to remove a metastasis from the posterior aspect of the left lung, the surgical field began to fill with a clear to milky fluid. Which of the following had most likely occurred?
A) The surgeon had penetrated the pleural cavity allowing its fluid to flow into the surgical field.
B) The surgeon had penetrated the pericardial cavity allowing its fluid to flow into the surgical field.
C) The surgeon had lacerated the thoracic duct.
D) The surgeon had lacerated the right auricle of the heart.
E) The surgeon had lacerated the left main bronchus.
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Question 3) Which of the following group of three structures may cause apparent constrictions of the esophagus on an oblique chest radiograph after the patient has swallowed barium?
A) arch of the aorta, left main bronchus, diaphragm
B) arch of the azygos vein, left main bronchus, diaphragm
C) left brachiocephalic vein, arch of the azygos vein, diaphragm
D) arch of the aorta, left main bronchus, left main pulmonary vein
E) left brachiocephalic vein, arch of the aorta, left main pulmonary vein
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Question 4) Which of the following is not true of the left phrenic nerve?
A) It traverses the superior mediastinum between left subclavian and common carotid arteries.
B) It crosses anterior to the arch of the aorta.
C) It passes posterior to the root of the left lung.
D) It supplies motor fibers to the diaphragm.
E) It pierces the diaphragm.
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Question 5) The esophagus:
A) contains cartilaginous rings.
B) enters the superior mediastinum anterior to the trachea.
C) in the superior mediastinum is in contact with the thoracic duct on its left.
D) inclines to the right as it nears the diaphragm.
E) traverses the diaphragm at the T8 level.
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Question 6) Which of the following is not true of the right vagus nerve?
A) It passes anterior to the right subclavian artery.
B) It gives rise to the right recurrent laryngeal nerve.
C) It passes posterior to the root of the right lung.
D) It gives a branch to the right pulmonary plexus.
E) It gives rise to a branch that supplies sensory innervation to the diaphragm.
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Question 7) Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to coarctation of the aorta?
A) It is typically associated with reduced blood flow to the brain.
B) It refers to a narrowing of the aorta.
C) It typically occurs near the site of the attachment of the ligamentum arteriosum.
D) It may be associated with enlarged internal thoracic and intercostal arteries.
E) It may be associated with osteological changes in the ribs that are visible radiologically.
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Question 8) Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the arch of the aorta?
A) It begins and ends at the same transverse level.
B) It passes over the root of the left lung.
C) The ligamentum arteriosum connects to the superior aspect of the arch at its most superior point.
D) It gives rise to the left common carotid artery posterior to the manubrium.
E) It may give rise to an artery that directly supplies the thyroid gland.
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Question 9) Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the pattern of referred pain typically associated with angina pectoris?
A) may be felt in left shoulder
B) may be felt in area of left upper limb supplied by medial brachial cutaneous nerve
C) may be felt in the right shoulder
D) may be felt in left fingers
E) may be felt in back
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Question 10) All of the following may be associated with a heart block except:
A) section of the superior part of the thoracic sympathetic trunk.
B) coronary artery disease.
C) loss of synchrony between atrial and ventricular contractions.
D) use of an artificial pacemaker.
E) ventricular fibrillation.
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