A dual mode that features a pressure-controlled breath pattern with volume as a conditional ...

(Answer to Q. 1)  ANS: C
Pressure-regulated volume control is a breath pattern for which the pressure-limit value is set by the operator, along with the minimum volume that needs to be delivered. The conditional varia-ble, volume, is measured by the ventilator, and the pressure setting may be increased or decreased depending on that measurement.

(Answer to Q. 2)  ANS: A
A dual-control, breath-variable mode allows the ventilator to switch from pressure control to volume control or vice versa within a breath. In this type of mode, the primary breath control is both volume and pressure.

(Answer to Q. 3)  ANS: D
Auto-PEEP is made visible on a pressure-time scalar with the use of an end-expiratory pause. Point A is not positive end-expiratory pressure because there are areas in the waveform that go down to zero.

(Answer to Q. 4)  ANS: B
When a patient has auto-PEEP, the expiratory flow does not return to zero. A new inspiration begins before the patient has had time to exhale completely. As a result, air remains trapped in the lungs. A pressure-time curve shows auto-PEEP only when an expiratory pause is used.

(Answer to Q. 5)  ANS: C
After years of studying the engineering, clinical aspects, and resources needed to train clinicians about ventilation modes, Chatburn reached four main conclusions about ventilator modes: (1) the current names for modes of ventilation are outdated and confusing, (2) confusion about names can lead to confusion about clinical application, (3) a ventilator mode classification system should be applicable to the modes available on any ventilator, and (4) all terminology proposed for ven-tilator classification needs to be clearly defined.

This helps so much, thank you for responding so quickly...

No worries, I was online and bored