At the alveolar level, when ventilation occurs with reduced or no perfusion, this condition is known as which of the following?
a. Alveolar shunt c. Anatomic dead space
b. Anatomic shunt d. Functional dead space
Q. 2 What is the normal relationship between the partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and partial pressure of end-tidal CO2 (PETCO2)?
a. PaCO2 and PETCO2 are equal.
b. PaCO2 is 10 mm Hg more than PETCO2.
c. PaCO2 is 4 to 6 mm Hg less than PETCO2.
d. PaCO2 is 4 to 6 mm Hg more than PETCO2.
Q. 3 A 24-year-old skier with a broken femur has been in the postanesthesia care unit for 24 hours and is 12 hours post-extubation with no supplemental oxygen.
He is awake, alert, and oriented, and he reports shortness of breath. A capnograph shows de-creased PETCO2. This patient's current status could be caused by which of the following?
a. Respiratory center depression c. Muscular paralysis
b. Pulmonary embo-lism d. Alveolar shunt
Q. 4 Which type of CO2 monitor is most appropriate for a critical care setting?
a. IR spectroscopy c. Mass spectroscopy
b. Raman spectrosco-py d. Clark electrode
Q. 5 The gases that have the same molecular weight and cannot be separated on the basis of weight alone during mass spectroscopy include which of the following?
a. N2 and O2 c. CO2 and N2
b. N2O and O2 d. N2O and CO2
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