It has been observed that we often maintain a variety of behaviors in the absence of external rewards. These behaviors involve the development of self-control processes. Which of the following is not a sub-process of self-control?
a. resistance to temptation
b. fear of our instincts
c. delay of gratification
d. self-reinforcement and evaluation
Question 2Bandura feels that most of our behavior is not controlled by immediate external reinforcement but is based on the accumulated results of earlier experiences. Our behavior is, therefore, regulated to a large extent by:
a. acquired goals
b. information processing
c. anticipated or expectancy outcomes
d. traditional learning
Question 3When Bandura says we solve problems symbolically without resorting to overt trial-and-error behavior, it is because:
a. we foresee the consequences of our behavior and modify our actions accordingly
b. our inferior cognitive capacity allows us to forego a period of trial and error
c. we do not wish to take the time to practice our behavior in a trial-and-error framework
d. we cannot foresee a failure condition and therefore do not practice our behavior
Question 4Bandura believes that behavior occurs as a result of a complex interplay between inner processes and:
a. cognitive processes
b. moral judgment
c. dissonance
d. environmental influences
Question 5Ozer and Bandura provided mastery training for women who were very fearful of a sexual assault and found that the women:
a. continued to identify themselves as victims despite the training they received
b. greatly increased their willingness to call the police after they were attacked
c. continued to have many negative thoughts about their inability to defend themselves successfully
d. became much more confident about their ability to successfully defend themselves in case of attack
Question 6Bandura's theory:
a. uses terms that are always clearly and precisely defined
b. has impressive empirical validity
c. has very high heuristic value
d. has low applied value in the area of psychopathology
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