Proteins use the process of active transport to move substances into or out of the cell by:

Proteins use the process of active transport to move substances into or out of the cell by:
 a. opening passages in the membrane and escorting substances into the cell.
 b. attaching to minerals to carry them throughout the bloodstream.
 c. decreasing the water content in cells to get rid of excess acid or base levels.
 d. sending antibodies to cells to carry excess proteins out to where they are needed.
  e. binding to insoluble molecules and moving them through osmosis.

Q. 2

Certain proteins act as buffers in the blood. In this role they are responsible for:
 a. providing immunity from foreign substances that invade the body.
  b. making sure that sodium is transported outside the cells.
 c. ensuring that too much fluid in the cells doesn't cause edema.
 d. picking up and releasing hydrogens in the blood to balance its pH.
  e. ensuring that blood glucose is maintained within a specific range.

Q. 3

A child suffering from protein deficiency develops edema. This is an example of protein's role in:
 a. supporting growth and maintenance.
 b. building enzymes and hormones.
 c. maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance.
  d. maintaining acid-base balance.
 e. maintaining pH balance.

Q. 4

When considering the digestion and absorption of proteins, it is important to know that:
 a. proteins are broken down into individual amino acids and absorbed by all intestinal cell absorption sites at an equal rate.
  b. larger peptide molecules must be completely broken down into amino acids to be absorbed into the bloodstream from the intestine.
  c. cells in the small intestine absorb different types of amino acids at separate absorption sites, which causes competition by similar amino acids at these absorption sites.
  d. amino acids need a carrier in the bloodstream because they do not transport very well alone.
  e. protein digestion and absorption requires simultaneous ingestion of some form of carbohydrate.

Q. 5

Tim, who lost a large amount of weight during an illness, is thinking about taking amino acid supplements to help him regain muscle mass. What advice would you give him?
 a. Amino acid supplements are an excellent way to quickly provide energy to muscles for rebuilding.
  b. Taking amino acid supplements helps keep the digestive system from overworking while you recover from illness.
  c. Extra carbohydrate, but never extra protein, is needed for recovery.
 d. He should also do plenty of exercise to promote muscle regain.
 e. Whole protein is better handled by the digestive system and will better promote recovery.

Q. 6

Why should eggs be cooked, rather than eaten raw?
 a. Raw egg proteins provide excessive amounts of the mineral iron.
  b. Raw egg proteins speed up protein digestion.
 c. Raw egg proteins cannot be denatured in the human body.
 d. Raw egg proteins are completely indigestible.
 e. Raw egg proteins bind the B vitamin biotin.

Q. 7

The recycling system for amino acids in the body is primarily used to:
 a. provide fuel for the cells to spare glucose.
 b. convert nonessential amino acids into essential amino acids.
 c. provide the cells with materials to build body proteins.
 d. add protein to muscles when there is a shortage of energy from foods.
  e. produce immune proteins.

Q. 8

Humans need to eat protein-containing foods regularly because:
 a. we need essential amino acids that can only be provided by foods.
 b. our bodies cannot make any amino acids needed for proteins.
 c. the function of protein is to maintain our muscle strength.
 d. protein is broken down quickly during digestion and lost from the body.
  e. protein is a good source of the essential nutrients iron, zinc, and B12

Q. 9

Which of the following food groups does not provide significant protein?
 a. fruits
 b. grains
 c. vegetables
 d. milk, yogurt, and cheese
  e. legumes