The measure of how much nitrogen is retained in the body for maintenance and growth rather than absorbed is the ____.
A) protein efficiency ratio
B) biological value
C) net protein utilization
D) Tolerable Upper Intake Level
Q. 2What is the current Tolerable Upper Intake Level established for protein and amino acids?
A) ingestion of a diet supplying > 30 energy from protein
B) two times the RDA
C) 42 mg/kg/day
D) no Tolerable Upper Intake Level has been established
Q. 3When evaluating protein quality, which of the following measures represents the gain in body weight on a test protein divided by the grams of protein consumed?
A) chemical score
B) BV (biological value)
C) PER (protein efficiency ratio)
D) NPU (net protein utilization)
Q. 4What is one of the more common ways to evaluate protein quality in a food that does not involve nitrogen balance studies?
A) chemical score
B) net dietary protein calories percentage
C) biological value
D) net protein utilization
Q. 5Legumes are limited in sulfur-containing amino acids, methionine and cysteine. What food group is considered complementary because it supplies these amino acids?
A) fruits
B) nuts
C) grains
D) starchy vegetables
Q. 6What two major systems are used for protein degradation in most cells?
A) mitochondrial and cytosolic
B) u-calpain and m-calpain
C) GTP-requiring and GTP-independent
D) lysosomal and ubiquitin-proteosomal
Q. 7What percentage of resting energy expenditure is attributed to protein synthesis and degradation?
A) 9
B) 10-25
C) 30-40
D) 45-55
Q. 8Which amino acid, when oxidized, spares the essential gluconeogenic precursors pyruvate and lactate?
A) cysteine
B) alanine
C) leucine
D) glutamine
Q. 9A genetic defect diminishing branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKAD) complex activity results in ____.
A) phenylketonuria
B) homocystinuria
C) cystathioninuria
D) maple syrup urine disease
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