The most recent large meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy, medication, and combined treatments for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia revealed each of the following EXCEPT:
a. behavior and medication therapy were superior to no treatment and placebo control.
b. adding cognitive methods to behavior therapy nearly doubled treatment effectiveness.
c. behavior therapy was as effective or more effective than medication pharmacotherapy.
d. adding cognitive methods to behavior therapy seemed to provide additional benefits for reducing depression associated with panic.
Q. 2A recent meta-analysis of 31 studies (Malouff et al., 2007) that examined the efficacy of problem solving therapy in reducing mental and physical health problems found each of the following EXCEPT:
a. problem-solving therapy was significantly more effective than an attention placebo.
b. problem-solving therapy was significantly more effective than other active treatments.
c. assigning homework seemed to increase the effectiveness of problem-solving therapy.
d. problem-solving therapy was significantly more effective than no treatment.
Q. 3In a recent two-year follow-up study comparing the outcomes of behavioral activation, cognitive therapy, and medication in the treatment of depression, it was found that:
a. behavioral activation was superior to cognitive therapy.
b. cognitive therapy was superior to behavioral activation.
c. behavioral activation and cognitive therapy produced similar outcomes.
d. medication treatment proved longer lasting than both behavioral activation and cognitive therapy.
Q. 4Which of the following is true about the efficacy of biofeedback?
a. Studies have been mixed in terms of its benefits compared to placebos.
b. It is generally less effective than headache monitoring or relaxation therapies.
c. Biofeedback is equally effective with or without home training.
d. It produces medium effect sizes in the treatment of migraines and tension headaches.
Q. 5Relaxation training is a well-studied behavioral intervention used to treat a variety of clinical symptoms. Meta-analysis has documented:
a. large effect sizes for all problems and symptoms studied to date.
b. medium effect sizes for health-related symptoms like headaches.
c. small effect sizes for nonsurgical samples with hypertension and insomnia.
d. larger effect sizes for pre- and post-surgical patients than nonsurgical patients.
Q. 6A recent meta-analysis of behavioral parent training (Fletcher et al., 2011) showed which of the following effects?
a. A large positive effect on mothers' parenting, but a smaller effect on fathers
b. A surprisingly large positive effect on fathers' parenting, but a smaller effect on mothers' parenting
c. An equally large effect on both mothers' and fathers' parenting practices
d. Minimal effects on both mothers' and father's parenting practices
Q. 7One meta-analysis (Griffith et al., 2000) of the effectiveness of contingency management in reducing drug use showed that:
a. smaller but more frequent reinforcers led to better treatment results.
b. medium sized and delayed reinforcers led to better treatment results.
c. larger and more immediate reinforcers led to better treatment results.
d. the size and interval of reinforcers had no impact on treatment results.
Q. 8Several meta-analyses have produced similar findings about the effectiveness of contingency management in reducing use of various drugs, including tobacco. Their findings show that contingency management is:
a. not very effective in reducing drug use (e.g., based on a low overall effect size).
b. highly effective in changing drug use (e.g., based on a very large overall effect size).
c. moderately effective for reducing most drug use, but less so for tobacco.
d. most effective in reducing tobacco use, and minimally effective with other (hard) drugs.
Quick Reply
