Recent research suggests that
a. the suppression of neurogenesis in the hippocampus is due to the connection between high stress hormones and depression.
b. low hippocampal volume may precede and contribute to the onset of depression.
c. electroconvulsive therapy seems to produce neurogenesis in the hippocampus.
d. all of the above
Question 2Which type of brain wave activity indicates calm, positive feelings?
a. Alpha waves
b. REM waves
c. Delta waves
d. Gamma waves
Question 3Current research into neurotransmitter systems has produced the permissive hypothesis, which means that
a. low levels of serotonin are sufficient to explain the etiology of mood disorders.
b. the norepinephrine system regulates serotonin levels; if norepinephrine is low, depression will occur.
c. when serotonin levels are low, other neurotransmitter systems become dysregulated and contribute to mood irregularities.
d. the absolute levels of neurotransmitters are more significant in mood regulation than the overall balance of the various neurotransmitters.
Question 4In terms of the etiology of mood disorders, research has shown that
a. environmental stress plays a larger role in causing depression in men than in women.
b. genetic factors are more important in the development of depression in men in comparison to the development of depression in women.
c. genetic and environmental factors are equally contributory to mood disorders.
d. there are no sex differences in vulnerability to depression.
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