Which of the following seems to be the best treatment for phobias?
a. exposure therapy
b. psychoanalysis
c. cognitive restructuring
d. family therapy
Question 2Lauren is phobic of birds. Her therapist shows her how to approach a bird in a cage. The therapist then takes the bird out, pets it and feeds it. She then encourages Lauren to do the same behaviors. This type of procedure is called
a. exposure therapy.
b. classical conditioning.
c. participant modeling.
d. virtual reality therapy.
Question 3Which of the following provides evidence against a role for inherited factors in the development of phobias?
a. the high concordance rate seen in fraternal twins
b. the impact of nonshared environmental factors
c. the preparedness hypothesis
d. the early onset of many phobic reactions
Question 4Kayla has just started college and wants to make friends. She refuses to go to large parties because she is afraid that she will blush and sweat, and that other people will laugh at her. She is fine when talking to people in one-on-one settings.
Kayla's most likely diagnosis is
a. social phobia.
b. specific phobia, situational type.
c. agoraphobia without history of panic disorder.
d. generalized social phobia.
Question 5When Kenneth was a young boy he went to a dentist who treated him uncaringly and inflicted a good deal of pain. Even years later, he has an uncontrollable and intense fear of not only dentists but physicians, too.
This best illustrates how phobias might be the result of
a. generalization in classical conditioning.
b. observational conditioning.
c. secondary gain.
d. the inflation effect.
Question 6When Charissa was a young child, she stepped on a bee and was stung. Since that time, she has been terrified of flying insects and runs away if she sees any.
What form of learning is this?
a. defense mechanism
b. vicarious conditioning
c. observational learning
d. classical conditioning
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