In problem solving, heuristics are:
a. strategies that might work but are not guaranteed.
b. algorithms that will work if they are applied correctly.
c. problem representations in which chunking meaningful patterns plays a role.
d. automations of frequently applied procedural knowledge.
Ques. 2A teacher wishes to promote problem solving in her classroom. Which of the following
approaches would not be consistent with that goal?
a. the encouragement of collaboration toward a goal
b. a choice of tasks that students cannot solve by using simple algorithms
c. an expectation that students' performance is error-free
d. the anticipation that students may feel confused and uncomfortable
Ques. 3The practice of monitoring and controlling thought is called:
a. problem solving.
b. metacognition.
c. critical thinking.
d. intelligence.
Ques. 4Metacognition is least relevant to:
a. text comprehension.
b. solving a difficult problem.
c. performing a highly-practiced skill.
d. critical evaluation of a politician's claim.
Ques. 5Ms. Knowles and Ms. Brophy use a variety of strategies to teach social skills. Which ones do you think might be most effective, and why?
What will be an ideal response?
Ques. 6The teachers occasionally use storybooks to promote discussions about social skills and making friends. For what other areas of social development might children's literature be useful?
What will be an ideal response?
Ques. 7The teachers read the children a letter they claim has been written by their friend Mr. Stone. What are potential advantages of this strategy?
What will be an ideal response?
Ques. 8Vicarious punishment occurs when an individual reduces the frequency of a particular response after observing another person being punished for that response. What evidence do we see that Mindy has experienced vicarious punishment?
What will be an ideal response?
Ques. 9From the perspective of Piaget's theory, what evidence of preoperational reasoning does Rodney exhibit?
What will be an ideal response?
Ques. 10In what ways might a debating class contribute to students' cognitive, linguistic, social, and moral development?
What will be an ideal response?
Ques. 11How might one interpret Amy's conclusions about eating and going potty from an information-processing perspective of cognitive development?
What will be an ideal response?
Ques. 12When Mr. Rodriguez helps Jenny with her picture, he asks her a series of questions that guide her initial steps. Which one of the following theoretical concepts best describes what Mr. Rodriquez is doing?
a. Behaviorist theory's concept of shaping
b. Vygotskian theory's concept of scaffolding
c. Piagetian theory's concept of assimilation
d. Social learning theory's concept of modeling
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