The 6-year old Calvin really likes Susie but as he is shy and embarrassed, he just throws snowballs at her so as to express his feelings. Susie is really upset by the snowball attack. Which one of the seven basic elements of communication was not used appropriately in this situation?
a. Channel
b. Decoding
c. Encoding
d. Noise
Ques. 2For the communication to be successful, it is important that
a. The sender and the receiver can use the same verbal or nonverbal language
b. The receiver starts to interpret the message only after it is completely sent
c. There is no noise whatsoever in the channel
d. The encoding of the message is appropriate for the sender
Ques. 3Ramona is trying to talk to her friend, Amy, in the movie theatre but she has to keep really quiet not to disturb anyone in the audience. Amy can hardly hear Ramona's whispering. Which one of the seven basic elements of communication was not used appropriately in this situation?
a. Channel
b. Decoding
c. Encoding
d. Noise
Ques. 4In Katona's research on learning to solve card trick problems, students learned by memorizing or by understanding. The results for the learning by understanding group are most consistent with which of the following views of transfer?
a. specific transfer
b. general transfer
c. mixed transfer (specific transfer of general principles)
d. doctrine of formal discipline
Ques. 5Suppose a high school student reads the following sentence in a textbook: Radioisotopes have long been valuable tools in scientific and medical research. Approximately how much time will his eyes fixate on the word tools?
a. 2.5 milliseconds
b. 25 milliseconds
c. 250 milliseconds
d. 2500 milliseconds
Ques. 6Learning Latin will help you learn other school subjects such as bookkeeping because it teaches proper habits of mind. This view is consistent with:
a. the doctrine of formal discipline
b. specific transfer
c. the results of Thorndike's research on transfer by identical elements
d. the view that there is no such thing as general transfer
Ques. 7Thorndike asked a group of students who had learned Latin and group of students who had not taken Latin to learn a new subject such as bookkeeping. According to the doctrine of formal discipline, which group should learn the new subject better?
a. students who knew Latin will learn better because Latin fosters proper habits of mind
b. students who had not taken Latin will learn better
c. both will learn the same because Latin and bookkeeping do not share any of the same components
d. the doctrine of formal discipline does not make a prediction
Ques. 8Performing well on retention tests but poorly on transfer tests is an example of which type of learning outcome?
a. nonunderstanding
b. understanding
c. nonlearning
d. meaningful learning
Ques. 9Josie studies for a math test. He does well on retention tests but poorly on transfer tests. This is an example of:
a. nonunderstanding
b. understanding
c. nonlearning
d. meaningful learning
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