Research indicates that study skills training is most likely to be effective when:
a. Students focus on learning one specific study strategy.
b. Students focus on learning facts rather than on developing higher-level thinking skills.
c. Students have little or no background in the topic they are studying.
d. Students are given reasons why certain study techniques are helpful.
Ques. 2Imagine that you are a school district superintendent who wants students to develop effective study strategies before they graduate. With research about effective study skills programs in mind, which one of the following approaches would be the best one to take?
a. Purchase textbooks that are about two years below students' present reading level.
b. Have teachers incorporate study skills training into the specific academic courses they teach.
c. Have a one-semester study skills course that all students take in middle school or junior high.
d. Have a one-semester study skills course that all students take in their first or second year of high school.
Ques. 3Three of the following are possible reasons that many students don't use effective learning and study strategies. Which one is not a reason that theorists have offered?
a. Students believe they won't learn no matter what they do.
b. Students think strategies involve too much time and trouble.
c. Students have insufficient knowledge about a topic to use such strategies effectively.
d. For some students, things learned at a rote level stay with them longer than things learned meaningfully.
Ques. 4Jenny is three years old. Which of the following beliefs about epistemology is she most likely to hold?
a. Authoritative; information she learns only comes from authority figures
b. Realist; information she gains from other people is truth
c. Absolutist; information she hears is either true of false
d. Multiplist; conflicting information she learns from different people can all be true
Ques. 5Three of the following statements accurately describe environmental influences on the development of epistemic beliefs. Which statement is not accurate?
a. As students observe experts disagreeing about a particular topic, they increasingly realize that even authority figures aren't always reliable sources of what is true and accurate.
b. The extent to which students accept what authority figures tell them is partly a function of the culture in which they have grown up.
c. Classroom demands for word-for-word memorization increase as students move through the secondary grades and post-secondary education.
d. Students who have grown up in Asian cultures are apt to believe that knowledge is the result of hard work, whereas students who have grown up in the United States are apt to believe that knowledge should come quickly and easily.
Ques. 6Missy is given this problem:
Mt. Washington is lower than Mt. Jefferson.
Mt. Washington is higher than Mt. Adams.
Which mountain is highest?
Missy reads the fourth word incorrectlyshe thinks the word is higher rather than lowerand consequently answers the problem incorrectly. From an information processing perspective, Missy's difficulty is due to:
a. Her limited working memory capacity
b. Functional fixedness
c. The way she encodes information
d. The fact that she is retrieving information that hasn't been stored meaningfully
Ques. 7Which one of the following statements best characterizes contemporary motivation theory?
a. It relates motivation to primary and secondary reinforcers.
b. It considers the cognitive factors that underlie motivation.
c. It focuses on the acquired drives that people develop over time.
d. It describes motivation as being largely the result of emotions.
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