In the following learning situations, which oneis described in a way that illustrates a cognitive view of learning?
a. Deidra's teacher complimented the way she created a Venn diagram in her notebook.
b. Montie's coach demonstrated the correct way to hold the bat and stand at the plate. Then Montie moved his hands down on the bat and practiced the correct stance.
c. Carla listened carefully to the lesson about fractions and remembered learning similar information about time signature in her piano lesson.
d. Sybil's teacher gave her a gold star for getting the correct answers on all of the practice problems.
Ques. 2Learning causes change. Which of the following examples of change illustrates learning?
a. A child came down with the measles yesterday and her appearance is changing.
b. A boy experiments with drugs and his behavior changes; he becomes moody.
c. A girl's shoe size changes as she gets bigger and her feet grow longer.
d. A child burned his hand on the iron last week and now stays away from the iron.
Ques. 3Ms. Cardot wants her students to enjoy math. In order to help students associate math with pleasant thoughts, she introduces new manipulatives at the math center each week to help students solve math problems. Often the manipulatives involve edible snacks. Ms. Cardot's approach is an example of:
a. operant conditioning.
b. unconditioned response.
c. classical conditioning.
d. neutral response.
Ques. 4KT is a sixteen-year-old girl who describes herself as someone who loves sports, sees herself as less feminine than the other girls, and hangs out with the jocks at school. This self-description is directly associated with her:
a. sexual orientation.
b. sexual identity.
c. gender identity.
d. sex.
Ques. 5Discrimination is one of the elements of prejudice. Discrimination is the element of prejudice that deals with a person's:
a. behaviors and actions toward others.
b. beliefs about others.
c. attitudes and feelings about others.
d. impressions of others as outsiders.
Ques. 6Lily does not like conflict. When her parents argue and raise their voices, Lily feels frightened. She has seen her dad strike her mom after yelling at her. At school, Mr. Nash raises his voice and Lily begins to tremble. Lily's trembling is:
a. a conditioned stimulus.
b. a neutral response.
c. a conditioned response.
d. an unconditioned response.
Ques. 7Which teacher seems to understand the ethics involved in using behavioral methods?
a. You will receive a reward for finishing your work on time. I hope everyone gets the reward at the end of the day.
b. This is an infraction of the rules. You will be punished every time you break a rule.
c. You need to sit still and raise your hands to be recognized. Stop blurting out spontaneous responses.
d. Stay in your seat until you finish this task and meet your goal. It will help you focus on the material and learn.
Ques. 8Mrs. Blue wants to help her young daycare children calm down after lunch recess and rest for thirty minutes. These children are between the ages of 3 and 4 . They eat lunch, play outside for a short time, and then come indoors for a rest period.
Explain how Mrs. Blue might use contiguous pairing of a song and the room's lighting to develop a conditioned response from these young children in order to create a calm, quiet environment for their afternoon rest period.
Explain how classical conditioning is involved.
What will be an ideal response?
Ques. 9Jerrod is a fifth grade boy who loves to make people laugh. He invokes laughter in the classroom by making a small sound, a facial expression, a witty comment, or a vivid metaphor.
Based on what you know about operant conditioning, explain how the following consequences likely influence Jerrod's behavior.
First consequence: Everyone laughs at Jerrod's behavior.
Second consequence: Everyone ignores Jerrod's behavior.
What will be an ideal response?
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