To remember the four states that come together at a single point (Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah), Marcia remembers CANU (pronounced like canoe). Marcia's technique illustrates the use of:
A) The keyword method.
B) A superimposed meaningful structure.
C) Visual imagery.
D) Verbal mediation.
Ques. 2Norman is studying Chinese and needs to remember that the word for exit is chu, so he remembers the sentence, The choo-choo train is exiting the station. Norman's technique illustrates the use of:
A) Reconstructive retrieval.
B) The keyword method.
C) A superimposed meaningful structure.
D) Verbal mediation.
Ques. 3Three of the following are examples of mnemonics. Which one is not a mnemonic?
A) To learn how to drive a car with a standard transmission, Bart practices the various parts of the task (e.g., steering, shifting, and braking) separately.
B) To learn the letters identifying the spaces on the treble clef in written music (F A C E), Annabelle simply remembers the word face.
C) To learn that the Spanish word pjaro means bird, Corey pictures a bird wearing pajamas.
D) To learn that the Spanish word navidad means Christmas, Dorene thinks of the word nativity.
Ques. 4A biology teacher wants students to remember the various components of a cell (nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane). Considering what psychologists have learned about storage and retrieval, the teacher would be well advised to help students encode information about the cell:
A) Primarily in a visual form, because visual images usually remain vivid in memory for a long period of time.
B) Primarily in a verbal form, because language underlies much of human learning.
C) In both visual and verbal forms.
D) In a relatively unencoded form for a few days, to allow for greater flexibility in encoding later on.
Ques. 5Natalie is sometimes too impulsive when she answers multiple-choice questions on standardized achievement tests: She picks an answer before she has even read all the alternatives. Natalie knows she has a problem and would really like to change her behavior. The concept we can best use to help Natalie is:
A) Self-instructions.
B) Divergent thinking.
C) Mental set.
D) Problem-based learning.
Ques. 6Which of the following is not consistent with brain research?
A) Teachers should challenge students to think nonstop throughout the day so that they don't have any time for mental relaxation.
B) Physical exercise has been shown to enhance the functioning of the central executive.
C) Sleep is important to learning because students consolidate new memories while they are sleeping.
D) Physical exercise is beneficial to the health of the brain.
Ques. 7Morris is trying to remember how to spell the word broccoli. He retrieves the first three letters (B R O) and the last three (O L I), then assumes that the kuh sound in the middle of the word must be a K. He writes brokoli on his paper. Morris' process of remembering how to spell the word (in this case, incorrectly) illustrates the use of:
A) A script.
B) A retrieval cue.
C) Construction in retrieval.
D) Verbal mediation.
Ques. 8As Jane reads about General Custer's last stand, she pictures him as he must have looked, with long blonde hair and a full mustache, riding tall and proud on the open plain just before he was attacked. Considering what psychologists have learned about the effectiveness of visual imagery, we can predict that Jane will:
A) Get confused by the vividness of her visual image.
B) Remember the information better than she might otherwise.
C) Store the information in her working memory rather than in her long-term memory.
D) Remember her image without any loss of detail for a year or longer.
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