Mrs. Schwartz teaches fifth grade math and science. Based on research about elementary teachers' treatment of boys and girls, which pattern is Mrs. Schwartz likely to follow in her math and science classes?
a. Mrs. Schwartz will probably give girls more attention to encourage them to go into math and science related careers.
b. Mrs. Schwartz will probably interact more with the boys in her class than the girls.
c. Mrs. Schwartz, being a female teacher, will probably provide more detailed feedback to the girls in her class compared to the boys.
d. Mrs. Schwartz, being a female teacher, will probably give equal treatment to the boys and girls in her class.
Ques. 2Which of the following descriptions illustrates gender constancy?
a. Sally understands that she and her girlfriends are not going to develop muscles like the boys in her class, and they will probably always win in competitions requiring physical strength.
b. Football was Marco's favorite activity when he was a little kid. Now he loves playing football in the city league with other fifth grade boys.
c. Gabriella likes playing games with the girls in her clique of friends. They never allow any boys to play games with them. They like it that way.
d. Jodelle liked helping her mom make cookies from the time she was just a toddler. She still likes to make cookies, but now she doesn't need help. She has learned to bake by herself.
Ques. 3Ms. Papadou was very concerned when she saw her daughter intentionally elbow another child on the soccer field. She did the right thing by:
a. not over-reacting and deciding to confront the behavior only if she saw a pattern develop.
b. pointing out her daughter's positive behavior and ignoring the elbow incident.
c. confronting the behavior as soon as possible and explaining why the behavior was aggressive.
d. elbowing her daughter to demonstrate how it feels to have another person intentionally do harm.
Ques. 4Mr. Duran spends extra time with his 8-year-old son Michael because he is concerned that Michael is not transitioning well to his new school. Recently Mr. Duran noticed that his other son, Joseph, was becoming jealous of the time his dad spends with Michael. Mr. Duran is not too concerned at this point because he knows that 6-year-old Joseph's moral reasoning skills will expand. Considering Joseph's judgment of his dad's behavior, Joseph is probably at what level of moral reasoning?
a. benevolence
b. conventional
c. equality
d. post-conventional
Ques. 5Which of the following approaches is more widely advocated as an effective way for schools to address the problem of bullying?
a. zero tolerance policies
b. school wide positive behavior supports
c. counseling for parents of children who bully and children who are bullied
d. punitive approaches to antisocial behavior
Ques. 6What is known about the self-esteem of bullies?
a. Bullies may have high or low self-esteem.
b. Children who bully peers in middle childhood have low self-esteem.
c. Bullies raise their low self-esteem by bullying weaker children.
d. Boys who bully have low self-esteem, but girls who bully may have low or high self-esteem.
Ques. 7Bart is high in aggression at the age of 8. He is in the third grade and has started fights with many of the children in his class. Based on longitudinal studies, what correlations (if any) have been identified between behavior such as Bart's at the age of 8 and behavior later in life?
a. Children who show aggression in middle childhood usually develop mature behaviors and behave with moderation in adulthood.
b. Longitudinal studies indicate no correlation between aggressive behavior at the age of 8 and aggressive behavior later in life.
c. Children who show signs of aggression at age 8 are significantly more likely to be convicted of a crime by age 30.
d. When aggressive school-age children are given freedom to act independently, they develop normal prosocial behaviors.
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