Which one of these examples best reflects the role that students' sense of self typically plays in ...

Which one of these examples best reflects the role that students' sense of self typically plays in their achievement and school behavior?
 
  a. Melissa thinks of herself as physically fit, so she doesn't think she needs to participate in sports or other physical activities.
  b. Linda knows she is a good reader, so she takes an extra reading class as an elective.
  c. Nettie doesn't think she is very popular, so she smiles at others and tries to talk to them so they will like her.
  d. Kim doesn't want to take any more math classes because she knows she's already good at math.

Ques. 2

Which one of the following best illustrates self-efficacy rather than general self-concept or self-esteem?
 
  a. Anne is pretty sure she can win a spot on the school's dance squad if she practices her routine every day until the tryouts.
  b. Brandi thinks of herself as being more intelligent than most of her classmates.
  c. Connor has little faith in his ability to learn new things, and so he does whatever he can to avoid doing assigned classroom tasks.
  d. Darvin is convinced that no one likes him, even though most people really do.

Ques. 3

Three of the following statements accurately describe how sense of self changes over childhood and adolescence. Which statement is not accurate?
 
  a. With age, children increasingly make distinctions among different aspects of themselves.
  b. With age, children's self-perceptions become increasingly stable.
  c. Adolescents become aware of inconsistencies among their various self-perceptions and eventually try to resolve the inconsistencies in some way.
  d. With age, children's self-appraisals become less and less accurate.

Ques. 4

Sixteen-year-old Reynelda has known since she was 4 years old that she will become a teacher. Her grandmother was a teacher, and her mother and two aunts are teachers. She's never really even thought about any other occupation.
 
  Reynelda can best be described as showing:
 
   a. Identity diffusion
   b. Foreclosure
   c. Moratorium
   d. Identity achievement

Ques. 5

Which one of the following best illustrates a sense of identity?
 
  a. Carlos sees himself as a caring individual who is truly concerned about other people's lives and needs.
   b. Shea knows she could be a better dancer if she practiced more often.
   c. Drew wonders whether she should be a doctor or a lawyer.
  d. Noah feels confident that he will make new friends when he moves to a new school district next year.

Ques. 6

Three of the following reflect common differences in personality. Which difference does not really reflect a difference in personality as psychologists use the term?
 
  a. Some students are more conscientious than others about doing their homework.
  b. Some students learn classroom subject matter more quickly and easily than others.
  c. Some students get more anxious than others in new and unfamiliar situations.
  d. In interactions with classmates, some students tend to be kinder and more generous than other students are.

Ques. 7

Which of the following is true of the aspect of temperament known as effortful control?
 
  a. Children who show high levels of effortful control can restrain from impulsive responses, but are no better than other children at controlling inappropriate emotional reactions.
  b. Effortful control resides primarily in the occipital lobe because it is closely tied to visual processing.
  c. Effortful control resides primarily in the temporal lobe because it is closely tied to forming long-term memories.
  d. Effortful control plays a key role in helping children focus attention on things that are important.

Ques. 8

Authoritative parents can best be characterized as having which type of relationship with their children?
 
  a. High expectations, loving support, and shared decision making
  b. Few expectations, loving support, and considerable freedom for children to make their own decisions
  c. Little emotional support or interest in their children's needs
  d. High expectations, strict rules, and little give-and-take in decision making

Ques. 9

Which one of the following most accurately describes the difference between personality and temperament?
 
  a. Personality involves a child's emotional characteristics; temperament is more related to a child's interpersonal inclinations and skills.
  b. Temperament involves a child's emotional characteristics; personality is more related to a child's interpersonal inclinations and skills.
  c. Personality is based largely in biology; temperament is the result of both personality and environmental factors.
  d. Temperament is based largely in biology; personality is the result of both temperament and environmental factors.