Groupthink occurs when
a. no improvement in the collective interests of the individual actors is possible.
b. it is impossible to reach acceptable collective decisions among three or more alternatives.
c. individuals, due to a desire to fit in, quietly go along with the apparent decision of the whole even if they disagree with it.
d. political leaders learn from previous successes and failures, and adjust their behavior accordingly to maximize the likelihood of future successes.
e. government officials make small changes to existing policy rather than start from scratch when making policy decisions.
Q. 2Labor-intensive vegetable and citrus agriculture starting in the 1920s in South Texas resulted in
a. the institution of ranchero culture.
b. an increased re-migration from Mexico.
c. immigration from European countries, such as Germany and Poland.
d. domination of Creoles in South Texas.
e. repression of Mestizo culture.
Q. 3Satisficing is
a. the theory that humans are cognitively limited in important ways that restrict their ability to process information in a comprehensively rational manner.
b. a theory that political leaders learn from previous successes and failures and adjust their behavior accordingly to maximize the likelihood of future successes.
c. the concept that humans are cognitively limited in important ways that restrict their ability to process information in a comprehensively rational manner.
d. the act of choosing the first acceptable solution rather than searching for a best solution.
e. a condition under which people base decisions on reason and logic, leading them to act in ways that they believe will maximize their personal interests.
Q. 4After the settling of South Texas, a ranchero culture developed in which most of the ranch work was performed by
a. Creoles.
b. African-Americans.
c. Mexicans.
d. Germans.
e. Mestizos.
Q. 5Bounded rationality
a. holds that humans are cognitively limited in important ways that restrict their ability to process information in a comprehensively level manner.
b. is a concept from psychology that highlights the extent to which initial contact or experiences are filtered through past contacts or relationships with similar individuals or settings.
c. is a condition under which people base decisions on reason and logic, leading them to act in ways that they believe will maximize their personal interests.
d. explains political outcomes by looking at the effects of individuals and their political decision.
e. is a theory that political leaders learn from previous successes and failures and adjust their behavior accordingly to maximize the likelihood of future successes.
Q. 6A quasi-feudal system whereby a property's owner, or patrn, gives workers protection and employment in return for their loyalty and service is called
a. binationality.
b. maquiladora.
c. nicultural.
d. ranchero culture.
e. La Runion.
Q. 7Cognitive dissonance is the idea that
a. political leaders learn from previous successes and failures and adjust their behavior accordingly to maximize the likelihood of future successes.
b. explains both individual political behavior and collective actions.
c. assumes, short of a crisis, that government officials will make small changes to existing policy rather than start from scratch when making policy decisions.
d. highlights the extent to which initial contact or experiences are filtered through past contacts or relationships with similar individuals or settings.
e. people do not like to hold obviously contradictory positions, leading them to reject evidence that may run counter to their initial beliefs about a particular topic.
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